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13 Jul 2026

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The World's Greatest Train Journeys - Google Maps Mania

If you've ever looked at a railway map and wondered which routes are truly worth travelling, then TrainRouter has the answer. The interactive map showcases 767 of the world's greatest train routes across 118 countries, covering around 372,500 kilometres of railway.Rather than simply displaying rail networks, TrainRouter acts as a curated railway atlas. Every highlighted line has been selected Keir Clarkehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07052313829398691711noreply@blogger.com0

11 Jul 2026

Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger12863125

The Entire History of Human Warfare - Google Maps Mania

Launched in late 2025, Prakrit Ojha's War Atlas is an interactive map that visualizes more than 8,500 historical battles. Spanning from 1500 BC to the present day, it offers an immersive, guided tour through the history of human conflict.Now there’s another War Atlas on the scene. Not only does this new map share the same name, a very similar URL, and a nearly identical thematic DNA, it also Keir Clarkehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07052313829398691711noreply@blogger.com0
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger12863125

The Entire History of Human Warfare - Google Maps Mania

Launched in late 2025, Prakrit Ojha's War Atlas is an interactive map that visualizes more than 8,500 historical battles. Spanning from 1500 BC to the present day, it offers an immersive, guided tour through the history of human conflict.Now there’s another War Atlas on the scene. Not only does this new map share the same name, a very similar URL, and a nearly identical thematic DNA, it also Keir Clarkehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07052313829398691711noreply@blogger.com0

13 Apr 2026

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Mystery item spotted in 2,000-year-old Egyptian child mummy - Popular Science

Archaeologists in Poland are finally solving an over 2,000-year-old mummy mystery. After modern warfare erased vital information about the ancient Egyptian child, researchers were unsure about the boy’s origins and life. Now, they’ve discovered a striking detail while examining the delicate remains—a once-hidden ritual object resting on the boy’s chest. Their findings published in the journal Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage are now helping fill in the gaps of our understanding of ancient burial practices, while also underscoring how much is left to learn about the complex art of Egyptian mummification.

The child’s precise origins are an unfortunate casualty of war. Although the mummy has remained a part of the Archdiocesan Museum in the city of Wrocław since 1914, its records were lost during World War II. The well-preserved body remained in the museum’s archives for decades, but archaeologists only began a first comprehensive analysis in 2023. Led by historian Agata Kubala at the University of Wrocław, the team utilized techniques including CT scanning and X-ray imaging to create highly detailed, 3D images of the mummy and its decorated casing known as the cartonnage. This allowed them to gain unprecedented looks at the specimen without damaging it.

The boy likely came from a middle-class family during the Ptolemaic Period. Credit: Marzena Ożarek-Szilke / University of Wrocław

Kubala and her team determined the boy was around eight years old when he died based on his teeth development. However, without any obvious signs of disease or physical trauma, his exact cause of death remains unclear. Despite these gaps, they still could confidently assess other details about the mummy. Preparers extracted his brain through the nasal cavity using traditional methods, but also removed most of his vital organs via some unconventional routes. Mummification frequently relied on organ removal via abdominal incision, but in this case, they appear to have done so through the rectum. The body itself was then partially filled with textile materials, but lacked a large amount of resin. Taken altogether, researchers say these details point to a middle-class family’s burial during the Ptolemaic Period (about 332–30 BCE).

Although the historical records are gone, the mummy’s cartonnage offered numerous clues about its origins. It included iconography and thematic images of rosettes, a winged scarab, and lotuses all point to Upper Egypt—more specifically the area near Kom Ombo or Aswan. There is even the depiction of a hybridized deity carrying a mummy. The study’s authors theorize this may be the primordial snake god, Nehebkau.

But according to the archaeologists, the most intriguing find isn’t the mummy’s preservation techniques or cartonnage design. During 3D imaging, experts noticed an unknown object placed on the child’s chest. Attempting to physically examine the item is far too risky given the overall state of the remains. While a definitive answer isn’t possible just yet, the archaeologists think the item is possibly a papyrus scroll containing personal information on the boy—maybe even his name. The researchers are undeterred, and plan on exploring alternative methods to reveal the object’s secrets.

“This is not the end of the research,” Kubala said in a university statement. “We are still working on the mummy.”

The post Mystery item spotted in 2,000-year-old Egyptian child mummy appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

How to help a turtle cross the road - Popular Science

This time of year, new flowers and animals are everywhere. Baby birds and squirrels pop up in nests, while opossums and bunnies roam as the weather warms up. Not exactly known for their speed, turtles are also waking up from brumation—aka reptile hibernation. 

Busy roads can be particularly dangerous for turtles, even with the protection from their hard shells. Every squished turtle is another that won’t help create the next generation, which is not welcome news for many already endangered turtle species. Out of 356 known turtle species, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 161 of them as threatened

If you spot a turtle trying to cross a road, it is important to follow some simple rules.

Make sure that you are in a safe place to stop. You won’t be able to help a turtle if you get hurt. If driving, put on your hazard lights and slowly pull over onto the shoulder.

Assess the situation. It might be best to just stand guard as the turtle crosses on its own. If the turtle is not moving away from danger, pick it up and move it across the street in the direction that it was already going. Turtles know where they want to go to nest, feed, and reproduce, so putting them in the direction they are heading will help them get there faster.

A Blanding’s turtle crossing the road. Image: Courtney Celley/USFWS.

Never pick up a turtle by its tail! Instead, gently place your hands on both sides of the shell as if you are holding a hamburger to carry it. If you do not want to carry the turtle, you can put it on a car mat and carry it across the road that way. 

If you encounter a snapping turtle, be particularly careful. The United States Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS) describes them as having “very long necks and a very short temper.” Keep your hands as close to their backside as possible. Snapping turtles are generally more aggressive in how they defend themselves compared to other turtle species. For example, box turtles are more likely to pull themselves into their shells during a rescue. And remember, an aggressive turtle is simply trying to stay alive or to protect their eggs.

An eastern box turtle on a road. Image: Danielle Brigida/USFWS.

Place the turtle on a low spot in the ground, since high impact falls from a tall rock or building can injure them. 

After safely moving the turtle, it can also help to take a picture of the turtle and report it to your local fish and wildlife department. This can help scientists assess local populations.

If you find an injured turtle, safely contain it in a box, log where you found it, and call your local wildlife rehabilitation center for instructions. Importantly, do not try to fix the injuries yourself! Keep it contained and away from danger until rehabilitators can assess the situation. And please don’t keep injured turtles or the healthy ones as pets. Uninjured turtles are best left alone and in the wild. 

The FWS also encourages people to learn more about turtles in your area and get involved in road planning decisions that could impact their welfare. 

The post How to help a turtle cross the road appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Injured turtle gets a second chance on four wheels  - Popular Science

Installing wheels on a tortoise might seem like a cruel joke—but a veterinary practice in the Philippines recently did so to help out an Aldabra giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea) with troubled hind legs. 

As the name suggests, Aldabra giant tortoises are among the largest land tortoises. Also referred to as the Aldabra tortoise or giant tortoise, this reptile can weigh up to 550 pounds and can live over 150 years. Interestingly, Charles Darwin, among others, worked to protect the species. 

The tortoise in question lived at a private zoo, but its legs weren’t working properly. The zoo referred the case to Nielsen Donato, chief surgeon at Vets in Practice, a vet practice with seven locations in metro Manila. Donato and his team did X-rays on their large patient, but didn’t detect dislocations or fractures. 

“Mostly we think it could be weakness of the hind legs, could be neurological in origin,” Donato tells Popular Science. “Probably there were other companions, which sometimes when they try to hump on each other or mount on each other, this can cause trauma to the hind legs, and it took a while for it to recover.” The mounting can represent either playful or mating behavior. 

The team started treating the issue with anti-inflammatory laser therapy, but then also did something that might be surprsing—they installed four wheels on its plastron, the part of the shell beneath tortoises and turtles. A social media video features the tortoise looking rather bewildered as Donato installs its bright orange wheels on its underside. 

“We measured the height. Initially, it looked like it was too tall, but we wanted to put less pressure on the legs, and this would also allow it to have a better range of motion when it’s trying to walk,” Donato explains. As soon as they put the tortoise with its newly acquired rolling powers back on the ground, “it showed some improvements with its mobility, and we sent it home.” 

After some time the wheels were removed and the tortoise went back to walking normally.

The post Injured turtle gets a second chance on four wheels  appeared first on Popular Science.

Affidamento diretto, con il confronto tra preventivi scattano le regole di gara - Edilportale

13/04/2026 - Un affidamento diretto costruito con inviti a più operatori, confronto tra preventivi e scelta del minor prezzo richiede il rispetto delle regole proprie di una selezione comparativa. È quanto affermato dal TAR Campania con la sentenza n. 2078 del 26 marzo 2026, che ha annullato un’aggiudicazione ritenendo illegittima l’esclusione dell’operatore autore dell’offerta più conveniente. Il giudice ha accertato che i costi della manodopera e della sicurezza risultavano già presenti nella documentazione trasmessa in piattaforma, chiarendo che, quando la stazione appaltante struttura l’affidamento diretto con logiche competitive, assume un preciso vincolo procedurale. La pronuncia affronta uno dei temi più de...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

The Home Depot just dropped season-low prices on battery-powered chainsaws, mowers, trimmers, and more - Popular Science

Your gas-powered yard tools have served you well. You’ll always have fond memories of trying to cold start that chainsaw from the ’80s while hoping you got the fuel mix just right. But, it’s time to go electric. And the Spring Black Friday sale (April 9–22) at The Home Depot has some of the best prices of the year on cordless mowers, trimmers, blowers, and chainsaws. Many of these models are just as powerful (if not more powerful) than their gas-powered counterparts. Plus, they require less maintenance and fuel costs.

Ryobi ONE+ HP 18V Brushless 2-Tool Kit (Trimmer + Blower) — $299 (buy this, get 1 free select tool) Home Depot $379 $399 Clean up your lawn or get the dog all riled up. Both good options.

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Ryobi’s 18V HP combo kit gives you an Expand-It attachment-capable string trimmer and a 510 CFM leaf blower on a single 4.0Ah battery. Right now buying the kit gets you one free select tool through June 21. The free tool options include an 8-in. edger attachment ($99 value), an 18V 6-in. pruning chainsaw ($99 value), or an 18V high-performance 4.0Ah battery ($129 value). For someone building out the Ryobi ONE+ ecosystem, this is a particularly strong entry point.

Ryobi 40V HP 20-in. Brushless Push Mower 6.0Ah Kit — $359 (plus free 40V blower, while supplies last) Home Depot $429 $359 Never pull a cord to start a mower again.

Ryobi

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Ryobi’s 40V HP mower is the brand’s most capable push mower. The brushless motor and 6.0Ah battery handle up to an acre on a full charge in ideal conditions, and it delivers consistent cutting power right through tall grass and wet conditions. The free 40V blower bundle (delivers 450 CFM and 120 mph) while supplies last is the real draw here.

Ryobi 40V HP 16-in. Brushless Chainsaw 4.0Ah Kit — $239 (was $299) Home Depot $299 $239 Branches don’t stand a chance.

Ryobi

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A $60 discount on Ryobi’s 40V brushless chainsaw brings one of the most capable battery-powered saws in this size class to an even more approachable price. The 16-in. bar handles downed trees and large branch cleanup with ease, and the 4.0Ah battery provides enough runtime for most residential tasks. The 40V battery is also shared with the mower above, so if you’re building an ecosystem, this is a natural pairing.

Milwaukee M18 FUEL 21-in. Self-Propelled Mower 12.0Ah Kit — $999 (was $1,199) Home Depot $1199 $999 This is a great entry point into one of the best battery systems in the game.

Milwaukee

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This burly mower uses two M18 batteries in parallel to deliver sustained power comparable to a gas engine, and the dual-blade mulching system delivers an exceptionally clean cut. Two 12.0Ah FORGE batteries and a rapid charger are included. At $200 off, this is the lowest price we’ve seen on this kit.

Milwaukee M18 FUEL QUIK-LOK 16-in. String Trimmer/Blower Combo Kit (8.0Ah) — $399 (was $499, save $100) Home Depot $499 $399 Milwaukee makes some of the most powerful and reliable batteries around.

Milwaukee

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Milwaukee’s updated QUIK-LOK combo kit pairs the M18 FUEL 16-in. string trimmer with the M18 FUEL blower and an 8.0Ah battery for $399. That’s a full $100 off the regular $499 price. The QUIK-LOK system means one powerhead accepts multiple attachments (edger, pole saw, hedge trimmer), making this a genuine yard-tool platform rather than just two standalone tools. Valid through April 22.

Milwaukee M18 FUEL 8-in. Hatchet Pruning Saw — $199 (was $279) Home Depot $279 $199 I have one of these and I was shocked how much I used it when I got it.

Milwaukee

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Milwaukee’s Hatchet pruning saw is the tool that converted a generation of landscapers away from gas-powered gear. It’s compact, lightweight, handles up to 6-in.-diameter branches, and can be used single-handed. This is the tool-only version, so it’s ideal for those already on M18 batteries. At $80 off, it’s at its best price of the season.

DeWalt FLEXVOLT 60V Max 17-in. String Trimmer 3.0Ah Kit — $349 (buy this, get 1 free select tool) Home Depot $379 $349 You can swap in additional heads for more versatility.

DEWALT

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DeWalt’s 60V FLEXVOLT attachment-capable trimmer can handle the heaviest residential trimming jobs. The attachment-capable head accepts DeWalt’s full lineup of QUIK-LOK accessories, and the FLEXVOLT battery scales down to run 20V MAX tools as well. The free select tool promo (20V Max hedge trimmer, power cleaner, or reciprocating saw) makes this one of the highest-value deals in the whole sale.

More Battery-Powered Yard Tool Deals Lawn Mowers String Trimmers & Edgers Leaf Blowers Chainsaws & Pole Saws Hedge Trimmers Pressure Washers

The post The Home Depot just dropped season-low prices on battery-powered chainsaws, mowers, trimmers, and more appeared first on Popular Science.

12 Apr 2026

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

6 stretches to relieve plantar fasciitis pain, according to a physical therapist - Popular Science

Of all the fasciitises (fasciiti?), plantar fasciitis is, well, it’s the only one you really have to worry about. Anecdotally associated with the obese and pregnant, it’s foot pain and tightness common among all walks of adult, particularly those between the ages of 40 and 60.

But it’s important to know that you’re unlikely to take a wrong step and suddenly catch plantar fasciitis.

“Plantar fasciitis can happen acutely with heavy use, but it’s more common for it to happen progressively, over time and chronically,” says Paul Schroeder, MPT, CSCS, C-PS, founder and lead physical therapist at Fast Track Physio in Chicago, Illinois.

Habitual runners, dancers, athletes and people who work on their feet are at heightened risk, but we’ve all got about a 10 percent chance of experiencing plantar fasciitis at some point in our lives. That doesn’t mean, however, that there aren’t steps we can take to lengthen those odds.

We spoke with Shroeder on the risk factors and remedies associated with plantar fasciitis. Below, he shares stretches, exercises, and myofascial therapy options to manage the condition if you have it or prevent it if you don’t.

What is the plantar fascia?

The plantar fascia is a band of connective tissue along the sole of your foot that spans from the bottom of your heel to the base of your toes. It provides structure and weight-bearing support, helping propel you forward during walking, running and dynamic movements.

Schroeder offers the humble bridge as an analogy:

“Its construction is based on an arch because it offers ideal force distribution. Same thing with the plantar fascia. You use the muscles of your foot and ankle to propel yourself forward and express energy in whatever direction you want, but you need that medial longitudinal arch of the foot in order to maximize efficiency and mechanics.”

So although the plantar fascia isn’t contractile tissue (i.e., muscle), it can tighten up. Taken to an extreme, that tightness can advance to plantar fasciitis which, much like anything that ends in “itis,” is an inflammation or degeneration of this tissue.

Anatomical diagrams illustrating the components of the plantar fascia. Image: Public Domain Causes of plantar fasciitis

When tension on the plantar fascia consistently exceeds its capacity, micro-tears, inflammation, tightness and pain can result. This, according to Schroeder, most commonly arises from repetitive use (i.e., chronically) rather than from a single event (acutely).

“Usually in these situations there is an acute-to-chronic workload spike,” which describes a sharp change in demands placed on the plantar fascia, often introducing unfamiliar stimuli. “It usually involves three or four different behavioral patterns or a combination of these things.”

Unsupportive footwear

Wearing flip-flops, minimalist sneakers, worn-out shoes, ballet flats or high heels.

Barefoot walking

There’s no footwear more unsupportive than no footwear.

Increased load

A start or change in fitness routine, work that involves prolonged walking and/or standing, or recent weight gain.

Tricky terrain

Routinely walking on rocky, unsteady and/or uneven surfaces.

Arch issues

Physiologically flat feet on one end of the spectrum, or high arches on the other.

Symptoms of plantar fasciitis

“It’s usually not a matter of if but when the chronicity of that cumulative microtrauma catches up with you,” Schroeder says. Here’s how it manifests.

Pain

You might have experienced a mild form of plantar fascia tightness upon taking your first step out of bed this morning. If the fascia constricts overnight, it can result in a brief, debilitating flash of pain and stiffness when planting your foot on the floor. If that feeling persists, the issue may rise to the level of plantar fasciitis.

Tightness

Microtrauma to the plantar fascia may result in tightness that spreads to the muscles in the foot on up the posterior chain to the calf. Sometimes, plantar fasciitis can even affect muscles up into the hip and low back.

“The human body behaves, in many ways, like electricity or water in that it will find the path of least resistance to achieve a certain outcome,” Shroeder says.

When you have arch inflammation and/or tightness, the muscles in your foot can’t operate as efficiently. You may, in turn, compensate by using your calf, which has plenty on its plate already. Consequently, those calf and smaller stabilizer muscles become overworked and inflamed themselves, exporting the tightness and pain upward.

Tips for preventing and managing plantar fasciitis

Schroeder offers three tips to avoid stress on the plantar fascia that are, ironically, also the ways in which you develop it. “This is management, but this also speaks prophylactically,” he says.

Monitor your soles

Periodically check your shoes—particularly the bottoms. If they’re wearing thin, toss ’em.

Rule of thumb, according to Schroeder: Depending on your level of activity, body weight, and the surfaces on which you traffic, expect to get 350 to 400 miles from a pair of shoes.

“Visually inspect the sole and, once you start seeing wear and breakdown and the grooves are starting to merge together, that’s the point at which this sole is probably doing more harm than good,” Schroeder says.

Take stock of your terrain

Where you walk and run is as important as how much of each activity you do, so make sure you’re conditioned for your conditions.

If, for instance, you’re accustomed to taking long walks on level ground and find yourself on a hike in the hills, be mindful of the difference in topography and economize accordingly. Same goes for a vacation at the beach, where you might spend a week or two on the sand wearing flip-flops or no footwear at all.

“In cases like that, you don’t have any external support to that medial arch of the foot and you’re going to sustain more load with each step,” Shroeder says. “You want to monitor the amount of unlevel terrain and/or inclines and declines that you walk because that really seems to spark fasciitis.”

Prioritize footwear

A large number of the plantar fasciitis cases Shroeder has seen are the result of clients plodding around in cheap shoes, worn-out shoes or no shoes at all.

“I think this [tip] is perhaps most overlooked, but [it’s] wearing supportive footwear and not being barefoot while at home so you can have that increased support and protection from excessive ground reaction force,” he says.

“That’s not to say, ‘Don’t walk barefoot, you’re going to get plantar fasciitis.’ It’s usually not just one thing but a constellation of factors that are going to cause repetitive microtrauma.”

6 Plantar Fasciitis Stretches and Exercises for Management and Prevention

As with many matters musculoskeletal, the length of time it takes for plantar fasciitis to develop may resemble the amount of time it takes to correct it. 

“So if something took a year and a half to onset, I’m not saying it’s going to take a year and a half to fully resolve, but don’t expect it to resolve in three weeks.” 

Shroeder also has three guidelines for management of plantar fascia:

  • Pre-loading stretching. Lengthen the plantar fascia yourself before your environment gets a chance to.
  • Strengthening the foot intrinsic muscles. A level deeper than the fascia, these help form the arch.
  • Consistent stretching of the leg muscles. Tightness in your foot leads to increased stress up the chain.
1. Pre-loading plantar fascia stretch in bed

This stretch helps relieve tension, improve flexibility, and increase blood flow to the affected area.

  • Before you get out of bed in the morning, sit on the edge of the mattress, and place your right ankle on your left thigh just above your left knee.
  • Holding your right ankle in your right hand and your right toes in your left hand, gently pull your toes backward until you feel a stretch along the bottom of your foot.
  • Hold for 20 seconds and repeat three times for both feet.
Images: Stanley Horaczek / Popular Science 2. Plantar fascia massage

This massage increases blood flow to the plantar fascia, which promotes healing and reduces pain. It’s recommended in conjunction with stretching exercises.

  • Sit in a chair or stand with one foot resting on a small ball or frozen water bottle (ice helps reduce inflammation).
  • Starting at just below the ball of your foot and ending just before your heel, slowly roll the ball/water bottle forward and backward.
  • Perform 10 complete rolls on each foot, doing two sets per foot.
Image: Stanley Horaczek / Popular Science 3. Heel raise

Heel raises help strengthen the calf muscles, which in turn support the plantar fascia, reducing pain and improving overall function.

  • Stand with the balls of your feet on the edge of a step. Grab a stable object nearby for support, if needed.
  • Slowly lower your heels until you feel a stretch in your calf muscle, and then slowly rise back to the starting position.
  • Perform 10 reps, then rest. Complete two sets.
Images: Stanley Horaczek / Popular Science 4. Ankle inversion with resistance

This exercise helps improve mobility and reduce stiffness, strengthening the ankle muscles, bolstering stability and enhancing overall foot function.

Note: Avoid hip movement during this exercise. 

  • Sit upright on the floor with your legs extended straight in front of you, and secure a resistance band around the ball of your right foot
  • Holding the band in both hands, cross your left leg over your right leg, pressing the bottom of your left foot against the band.
  • Keeping your left foot still, slowly rotate your right ankle inward and return it to the starting position.
  • Repeat for 10 reps, completing two sets per foot.
Image: Stanley Horaczek / Popular Science 5. Toe towel scrunches

This exercise strengthens the intrinsic muscles of the foot, supports the arch, and reduces tension on the plantar fascia.

  • Stand or sit upright in a chair, placing your right foot on a towel and spreading your toes.
  • Curl your toes to scrunch and draw the towel toward you.
  • Perform 10 to 15 reps, completing two sets per foot. Perform 1-3 times daily.

Optional: As you get stronger and this exercise gets easier, you can place a small weight (2 to 4 lbs.) on the far end of the towel to intensify it.

Image: Stanley Horaczek / Popular Science 6. Wall-facing calf stretch

This stretch helps alleviate tightness and improve flexibility in the calf muscles, reducing symptoms associated with plantar fasciitis. Two versions target two different calf muscles.

Gastrocnemius (straight-knee) version: 

  • Stand upright facing a wall at arm’s length, place your hands flat on the wall, and extend your right leg behind you.
  • Keeping both feet flat on the floor and your right knee straight, bend your left knee until you feel a stretch in your right calf.
  • Hold for 20 seconds and repeat three times with both legs.

Soleus (bent-knee) version: 

  • Stand upright facing a wall at arm’s length, place your hands flat on the wall, and extend your right leg behind you.
  • Keeping both feet flat on the floor, bend both knees until you feel a stretch in your right calf.
  • Hold for 20 seconds and repeat three times with both legs.

Perform each version 1-2 times daily.

Images: Stanley Horaczek / Popular Science

The post 6 stretches to relieve plantar fasciitis pain, according to a physical therapist appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Owl saved from electrical fence adopts abandoned owlet - Popular Science

When animals end up in a wildlife center, it’s usually not for happy reasons. But sometimes tough situations have a silver lining, and that’s exactly what’s happened at Raven Ridge Wildlife Center in Washington Boro, Pennsylvania.

The rescue center received a call from a game warden about a female great horned owl (Bubo virginianus) that had gotten stuck in an electrical fence. The game warden had successfully removed her from the fence, but the owl was struggling, unable to stand or fly. Thinking the owl may have broken a wing, he took her to the Raven Ridge Wildlife Center. 

Thankfully, neither of the owl’s wings broke, though one of them appeared swollen. While examining the patient, licensed wildlife rehabilitator Tracie Young noticed that the great horned owl had a brood patch—essentially a bare patch of skin that develops to provide a direct heat source for eggs. 

That meant she was a mama owl. Unfortunately, with the time that had passed and the distance she may have flown made tracking down her nest impossible. But the owl wouldn’t be an empty nester for long. The wildlife center then received a baby great horned owl that had been found in an external stairway leading to a basement. 

Image: Courtesy of Raven Ridge Wildlife Center

The pairing seemed like a potential match made in heaven—a motherless owlet and a baby-less mother great horned owl. Young decided to try pairing the two up. If it worked, the owlet could learn from the adult and not imprint on people, she explained to Popular Science. But some risk remained. The Raven Ridge staff had previously paired great horned owl babies with their foster great horned owl male, Pharaoh. 

“That’s why we say we want to take a chance. We don’t know for sure,” Young said. For example, the older owl might try to kill the owlet. Thankfully, “we’ve never had any issues. He [Pharaoh] has raised all of our babies for us.” But now they had a great horned owl female “that’s already doing the job,” and so they took a chance on her.

The team put the owlet in her cage. The next morning, they found the owlet sitting directly next to her. It worked. “She knew this was her baby now.” 

Little did the mother know that she would soon successfully adopt a second owlet brought to the wildlife center. The plan is to eventually release the family in the area where the mother was discovered. At this point, the owlets will have grown, but they can still call her for help. 

The post Owl saved from electrical fence adopts abandoned owlet appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Why you never forget how to ride a bike - Popular Science

There are some among us who can’t remember which pants they wore yesterday or whether they have plans tonight. Take that person and put them on a bicycle, however, and if they had any kind of comfort level riding in the past, odds are, they’ll have no trouble balancing and steering, even if it’s been years—or decades—since their last ride.

The axiom “like riding a bike” exists for a reason, and it’s supported by ample amounts of evidence that casts light on the weird neuroscience of memory. So why is it, exactly, that we seemingly never forget how to push the pedals and ride? 

The many types of memory

On the surface, remembering a skill like cycling and also being able to call to mind your spouse’s birthday seem similar. After all, these are two things you learned in the past, so it stands to reason your brain would process them the same way. That, however, is not the case, explains Dr. Andrew Budson, a professor of neurology at Boston University and co-author of the book Why We Forget and How to Remember Better. 

Humans have three distinct kinds of long-term memories, he explains, each of which are processed, stored, and accessed via different pathways in the brain. 

  1. Semantic memory is how we store information and facts that allows us to navigate the world: how to use objects and tools like toasters and screwdrivers or knowing the differences between cats and dogs. 
  2. Episodic memory pertains to long-term memories specific to the person who lived through the experience, like a first kiss. 
  3. Finally, procedural memory allows us to retain knowledge of tasks that become second nature and automatic, like playing guitar and, yes, riding a bike. (What we call muscle memory is a type of procedural memory, though the latter is a broader term. All muscle memory is procedural, but not all procedural memory is muscle memory). 

The truth is there’s nothing particularly special about bike riding—the axiom could have used many other skills, such as ice skating or swimming (in fact, swimming was the favored example of something people don’t forget how to do up until the 1940s, when cycling’s popularity exploded). 

Up until the 1940s, people referred to swimming, not cycling, as a skill you’ll never forget. Image: Contributor / Getty Images / Harold M. Lambert

“Riding a bicycle would certainly be a sort of a motor activity, and it depends upon some structures deep inside the brain called the basal ganglia,” says Budson, along with other regions of the brain, including the cerebellum. “Those are the key regions, and that’s very different than memory for episodes of our life, such as remembering last night’s dinner.”

Procedural memories get hardwired in, while still leaving some room for malleability. One bike isn’t the same as another—riding a mountain bike is slightly different than taking a leisurely trip across town on a fixed gear—so once a skill is stored, the basic motions are easy to access, but you can still adapt. 

“What is quite different about procedural memories is that they rely on these different brain structures that are, in general, much more resistant to change over time,” says Budson. “That’s why once you’ve learned how to touch type, you know you can still touch type, although you can certainly adapt it. When you get a new computer and they’ve moved the Escape key or something like that, you’re able to adapt to that.”

Why scientists can’t study cycling and memory directly

Given the popularity of the phrase, it may come as a surprise that there’s not a ton of research out there that specifically examines why we retain the memory of how to ride a bicycle. 

That’s not to say there’s nothing out there on cycling and memory: Some studies have concluded that cycling desks help improve cognitive performance. Others have found a linkage between cycling and improved long-term memory. But few scientists have directly studied biking as an example of procedural memory. 

There’s a few reasons why: first, it can be hard to scan a person’s brain while they’re riding around on a 12 speed. Second, as Dr. Elizabeth Kensinger, a psychology professor at Boston College and Budson’s co-author, explains, a subject self-reporting how good they are on a bike can be faulty and could skew results. 

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Instead, neurologists and psychologists have designed experiments to test procedural memory on entirely new skills, including having subjects draw shapes by looking at their hands in a mirror. It’s tricky at first, but over repetition, they start to get better and better.

“My best guess is that it just feels very uncontrolled versus all of the types of motor skills that scientists have been able to train people how to do,” says Kensinger. 

There are far easier, more convenient ways to examine procedural memory. In science, control over variables is essential to reliable results, and bringing a few folks who have gotten rusty on a bicycle out for a few spins around a velodrome leaves too much to chance to gain any solid data. 

Practice makes perfect

Doing something once isn’t enough to generate the kind of recall associated with procedural memory. The neural pathways involved in the activity need to be beefed up. 

“It’s so much faster for you to learn something the second or the third time than it was for you to learn it the first time,” says Kensinger. “There is something that is priming those pathways to be able to become established more much more quickly.”

In other words, hopping on a bike once won’t be enough for you to be able to do it again perfectly after decades away from bicycles. Repetition is key to forming procedural memories that can be easily jogged even after extended periods of inactivity. 

“Our procedural memories do degrade, but they degrade more slowly than your episodic memories,” explains Budson. “So there’s no doubt that practice helps it to stay very active and that it comes back more quickly.”

While procedural memory activities may need repetition to get wired into our brains, the good news is we’re capable of forming these kinds of memories throughout our lives. 

“If you think about many older adults, they need to learn pretty complicated motor skills,” says  Kensinger. “They might need to learn how to use a wheelchair that might have fairly complicated mechanisms to lock and unlock the brakes. Older adults are quite capable at learning those types of procedural skills as well.”

While adapting to new limitations can be frustrating, our ability to develop new skills near-automatic is helpful as we age. Whether that’s learning how to use a walker, or even using a computer or iPad, grandma and grandpa just need some time and patience to develop new procedural memories. 

It’s easy to see why humans evolved to retain and execute skills without conscious thought. Running away from predators or searching for food shouldn’t be something that requires a ton of focus. So the next time you’re zooming along on your bike, take a second to thank your procedural memory, even if you can’t remember where exactly you’re going. 

In Ask Us Anything, Popular Science answers your most outlandish, mind-burning questions, from the everyday things you’ve always wondered to the bizarre things you never thought to ask. Have something you’ve always wanted to know? Ask us.

The post Why you never forget how to ride a bike appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

This $400 MacBook Pro still has plenty left in it - Popular Science

TL;DR: This refurbished 2020 MacBook Pro is on sale for $399.99 (reg. $1,580), offering solid performance for everyday tasks with 16GB RAM and a 512GB SSD.

New laptops get most of the attention, but well-equipped older models can still deliver the performance most people actually need — just at a lower cost. While it’s tempting to go for the latest release, many everyday workflows don’t require cutting-edge specs. This refurbished 13-inch 2020 MacBook Pro is a good example, on sale for $399.99 (reg. $1,580) for a limited time.

It runs on a 10th Gen Intel Core i5 processor with a 2GHz base speed, paired with 16GB of RAM and a 512GB SSD. This essentially means that the setup is still capable of handling multitasking, productivity work, and moderate creative tasks without much slowdown. It may not have Apple’s newer M-series chips, but for many use cases, the difference is less noticeable than the price gap.

The 13.3-inch Retina display with True Tone delivers sharp visuals, whether you’re editing photos, working through a long document, or even binge-watching your favorite show. Apple’s Magic Keyboard offers a more reliable typing experience than earlier iterations, which matters if you spend a lot of time clacking away.

Connectivity-wise, you get four Thunderbolt 3 ports, along with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth 5.0. Battery life is rated for up to 10 hours, which should cover a typical workday depending on usage. You won’t have to stick by a power outlet the entire time.

As a refurbished unit, it’s listed in Grade “A” condition, meaning minimal signs of wear. It’s been inspected and tested to function properly, even if it’s not completely brand-new (it sure works like one, though).

All in all, this unit won’t match the latest MacBook Pro in benchmarks, but for everyday work — and even some heavier tasks — it’s still a capable machine and can hold its own.

Formerly $1,580, get this new-to-you 2020 MacBook Pro for just $399.99.

StackSocial prices subject to change.

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Apple MacBook Pro (2020) 13″ i5 2GHz Touchbar 16GB RAM 512GB SSD Space Gray (Refurbished)

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11 Apr 2026

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

How to start metal detecting - Popular Science

It’s been called “dirt fishing,” “beach scooping” and “relic hunting,” but no matter what you choose to call it, you’ll almost always see someone with a metal detector scanning the beach or park in search of lost or abandoned treasures. As hobbies go, it’s a pleasant way to spend your time – you’re out in the open air, you’re taking a nice stroll and, who knows, you may stumble upon something with real value at the end of the day. 

To get some advice on how to properly kick off a fun and potentially rewarding metal detecting hobby, we reached out to Bill Harrington, who runs the popular Diggin’ SoCal YouTube channel and Instagram account

“As a young man, I had a junky detector and I told myself that when I was close to retirement I was going to get a detector and give it a try again,” says Harrington. “Once I started, I was immediately hooked and really enjoyed the hobby and more importantly the excitement of finding cool, odd and, of course, valuable things.” 

Harrington has unearthed everything from World War II-era military uniform buttons to an old toy train car from the 1960s to a 1917 Standing Liberty quarter–but warns against going into metal detecting with lofty dreams. “I think the biggest misconception is that someone is going to get a detector and go find a bunch of gold,” he says. “I had a guy I met tell me he bought one to do just that. He was at the same beach I was currently at and I could not help but laugh inside. Not to say you can’t get lucky but it takes a ton of patience and hard work.”

For Harrington, it’s the thrill of the unknown that makes the hobby so compelling. “We have unearthed some crazy items from knives in tot lots to random stuff that you ask yourself, ‘Why is this here?’ I remember once on a beach in Santa Barbara pulling a small tortilla maker out of the sand! What makes this an exciting hobby is that you really never know what the day will bring.” 

Here is some of Harrington’s advice on how curious detectorists can get started:

Do your research

Although you tend to see metal detectors a lot at the beach, it’s not a hobby limited to certain geographic regions. Harrington suggests just doing a little research into the area or areas you intend to search to find the right detector to suit your needs. 

“If I was starting today, I would jump on YouTube and search ‘metal detecting’ and look for channels that show different kinds of detectors and how they work. Even reaching out to a content creator could be helpful but there are a lot of interesting characters out there,” he says.  “What I did was I went to a dealer who sells detectors and chatted with him. It was a small shop attached to a pawn shop and he was super helpful and that is where I got my first Minelab detector.”  

Network

Harrington also recommends seeking out local clubs and connecting with likeminded hobbyists as a way to really immerse yourself in the activity. 

“Most areas have metal detecting clubs. My friends in the Sacramento area belong to one and I know there is one out in San Bernardino, for example. Another good source is the Gold Prospectors Association. There are also groups on social media – If you were starting out now you could find a group like that and ask a ton of questions.” 

Gear up It’s fully waterproof so you can take it to the beach without worry.

MINELAB

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Harrington admits he learned the most by “trial and error,” but advises that novices don’t necessarily have to go for the most expensive equipment, especially not right away. There’s a wide range of detectors and varying price points that can help you get into it. 

“At minimum, you need a decent detector. For beginners, Minelab has some good detectors in the $300-$500 range and then others in the $1,200 to $1,500 range. But less expensive detectors have done a great job, too. The ones I would warn against are those from unknown brands, especially those sold online, that are under a hundred bucks or so.” 

Minelab PRO-FIND 35 Waterproof Pinpointer Metal Detector A pinpointer can drastically speed up your search.

MINELAB

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In addition to the detector itself, Harrington recommends getting a pinpointer – small, handheld metal detectors used to precisely locate metallic objects in holes or dirt piles –  some “find bags” to put your discoveries in, and, of course, a digging tool. 

GADFish Sand Scoop for Metal Detecting Save your back while you’re out detecting.

GADFISH

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“If you beach detect, a good sand scoop is a lifesaver. I started with a handheld plastic one. Now I have a titanium scoop with a carbon fiber handle. All in all you could get a whole set-up for under $600: a good detector for around $400, a pinpointer for $140, and a digging tool for around $50.”

The post How to start metal detecting appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Two cheetah cubs narrowly escape the illegal pet trade - Popular Science

In an intervention that might one day inspire the animated animal version of Argo, the Cheetah Conservation Fund and Somaliland’s Ministry of Environment and Climate Change rescued two cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) cubs on the verge of a terrible fate. 

The Cheetah Conservation Fund carried out the extraction after receiving urgent intelligence that traffickers in the Somaliland capital were about to load the two cubs onto a boat and illegally move them into the exotic pet trade. Just hours later, the organization put a rescue team in action and worked with local authorities to take possession of the cheetahs. 

The next day, the cubs ended up at Somaliland’s Cheetah Rescue and Conservation Centre, where veterinary and wildlife experts will care for them. The conservation centre opened in Somaliland in 2016 by Laurie Marker for cheetahs pulled out of the illegal wildlife trade. At the moment, 125 rescued cheetahs live at the facility.

Images: Courtesy of Cheetah Conservation Fund

“This outcome is a testament to the speed and dedication of our team and our partners on the ground,” Laurie Marker said in a statement emailed to Popular Science. She founded the Cheetah Conservation Fund and established the Cheetah Research & Education Center in Namibia. “With fewer than 7,000 cheetahs remaining in the wild, every life we save matters, not just for the species, but for the ecosystems they support.”

The cheetah cubs are just two of at least 21 other recently rescued cubs, a figure that highlights the persistent extent of the region’s black market wildlife trade. The Horn of Africa, which includes Somalia/Somaliland, is unfortunately a center for the illegal trade of cheetah cubs. Somaliland is a self-proclaimed republic in Somalia’s northwest without international recognition

Trafficking attempts frequently leave recovered cheetahs seriously dehydrated and malnourished. In fact, researchers estimate that a shocking proportion—90 percent—die before their intended buyers receive them. Thankfully, the duo in question are rapidly recovering. 

The post Two cheetah cubs narrowly escape the illegal pet trade appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

How to stop your smart TV from tracking you - Popular Science

Most of the tech you use each day tracks you—whether it’s to target ads at you or to make sure your smart lights come on when you walk in the front door. Smart TVs are no different.

A television set doesn’t follow you around all day like a smartphone does, but it still has intimate knowledge of you and your family, including the types of programming you like to watch. It might also know the apps you have installed, and even the types of devices you plug into the HDMI ports.

That’s most likely something you’d rather didn’t happen—and so here’s your complete guide to making sure your smart TV tracks you as little as possible.

Now obviously there are multitude of models and manufacturers on the market, and even TVs with the same brand name on the front don’t always run the same software. Trying to give specific instructions can be tricky, but the steps we’ve put below should work for the most modern TVs from each company.

If the menus you come across don’t match up with the steps below, you should be able to find the relevant options without too much trouble. A quick web search for forum posts or Reddit threads from people with your TV should uncover even more resources.

What to look for

There are two main categories of data to look out for here. The first is data that builds up an advertising profile on you, so marketing can be more precisely targeted—as happens with ads on platforms like Google and Instagram. Blocking this data collection doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll see fewer ads, but advertisers will know less about you.

The second category is along similar lines, but it’s a bit more specific. It’s called Automatic Content Recognition (ACR), and as the name suggests, it means your TV is going to monitor everything that gets put up on the display, and attempt to identify it.

Once your TV knows what you like to watch, it can use that information to serve up ads and content recommendations more personalized to you. It may mean your movie recommendations improve, but it comes with a big trade-off in terms of privacy.

Wi-Fi settings

No matter your model of television, there’s one tip that applies universally: Disconnect it from your Wi-Fi. That will go a long way to limiting the amount of data that gets fed back to headquarters. The setting should be pretty easy to find, and this might be as straightforward as turning off a toggle switch.

Now, obviously this is going to limit you in terms of your streaming apps—but it’s something to think about doing when you’re watching physical media, or perhaps playing games that work offline. For anything that you don’t need the internet for, turn off the Wi-Fi.

There’s another approach here, which is to keep your TV connected to the web, but hook it up to a guest network on your router (it’s a feature that most routers now offer). While this means your TV can still ‘phone home’ as it were, it also means it can’t see (and report back on) the other devices you might have connected to your network.

Look for a guest network setting on your router. Screenshot. LG TVs

Head to the main Settings screen on your LG TV (there should be a Settings button on your remote), and look for General > System > Additional Settings. When you reach this screen, toggle off the Live Plus option—this is the name LG gives to ACR.

From Settings, you can also pick Support > Privacy & Terms. Here you can find LG’s privacy policies, as well as a Do Not Sell My Personal Information toggle switch: Enable this to restrict what LG can do with its data.

There are yet more controls under User Agreements on the same screen. You’re able to turn off voice access, viewing information data collection, and cross-device advertising (so targeted ads follow you around different devices) from this section.

Samsung TVs

From the home screen on your Samsung TV, open up the main menu and then choose Settings > All Settings > General & Privacy > Terms & Privacy. This screen gives you a host of information about how your data is collected, as well as some options for restricting the collection of information and the targeting of ads.

Follow Privacy Choices and then select Terms & Conditions, Privacy Policy and you’ll find an option labeled Enable to make content and advertising on Smart TV more interactive which you can disable to limit targeted advertising.

On this same Terms & Conditions, Privacy Policy screen, there’s another checkbox for Viewing Information Services—this is the name Samsung gives to its ACR technology, so be sure to disable this to turn off that type of tracking.

The Samsung TV Plus interface. Screenshot: Samsung Sony TVs

If you’ve got a newer Sony set, then it’ll be running the Google TV software. If you open up the main Settings pane from the home screen, choose All Settings and then Samba Interactive TV underneath Privacy—this is the ACR bit. Select About to see the terms of service and to switch the feature off.

There’s also a link here to the privacy policy of Samba, which is the company handling ACR for Sony. If you follow this link you’ll get to yet another setting for ad tracking, which you can disable. On the same screen, you can reset the advertising ID to clear any profile information that may have been built up already.

Sony TVs and Google TV are a good example of setups where you can be tracked across multiple devices—so Google might use your Sony TV information for ads on Google Maps, for example. To manage the data and privacy settings for your Google account as a whole (including Google TV), head to this page in your Google account on the web.

Other brands

As mentioned above, it’s impossible for a single guide to cover all of the different TV models and software versions out there. But hopefully the steps above get you close to finding the right privacy and data collection settings.

For TVs manufactured by Roku, for example, if you open Settings from the home screen and then select Privacy > Smart TV Experience, you can disable Use info from TV inputs to switch off ACR. Targeted advertising, meanwhile, is managed by selecting Advertising and resetting the tracking ID.

Be wary of signing up to or agreeing to any tracking when you set your television set up for the first time, as well. Even if you’ve opted out right at the start, or turned off the settings for your model as described above, you might see pop-up messages encouraging you to opt back in—so watch out for these too.

The post How to stop your smart TV from tracking you appeared first on Popular Science.

10 Apr 2026

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Armor buried under Japanese temple linked to ancient Korean kingdom - Popular Science

Few cultures exist in a vacuum, even those separated from others by hundreds of miles of open sea like the island nation of Japan. Nearly 70 years ago, archaeologists discovered an ancient suit of armor beneath one of the island nation’s most prominent historical sites. Now, researchers can finally trace the 1,400-year-old armor’s telltale artisanry back to Korea. Specifically, to the Baejke Kingdom—one of Korea’s three major empires dating back to the 18th century BCE.

Buddhism truly began to flourish in Japan beginning in the sixth century CE after monks arrived from mainland China and Korea. Few places represent this monumental cultural shift more than the Asuka-dera Temple complex, located about 23 miles southeast of Osaka. 

Asuka-Dera’s establishment near the start of the seventh century marked the first full-scale Buddhist temple on the island archipelago.

According to ancient documents including the second-oldest history of Japan, Nihon Shoki, craftsmen and monks from the Baekje Kingdom helped build the temple complex. Baekje was one of the “Three Kingdoms of Korea” that flourished between the 18th century BCE and 660 CE.

Archaeologists from the Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties originally located the armor fragments beneath a pagoda’s foundation during 1957 excavation work. While its construction resembled armor previously linked to Baekje royal sites in Korea, technology at the time wasn’t advanced enough to supply a definitive answer.

In 2015, however, equipment like X-ray and 3D imaging finally allowed researchers to further examine the Asuka-dera armor. They discovered that, like Baekje armor, the Japanese monastery finds were crafted by interlacing small iron plates with cords into what’s known as a lamellar structure. This approach provided wearers with solid protection without sacrificing flexibility, especially because the torso, upper arm, and shoulder segments were all connected into a single shirt-like piece of armor.

Similar armor excavated between 2011 and 2014 at Gongsanseong Fortress, a historic Baekje compound located about 50 miles southeast of Seoul, also supports this. At the fortress, researchers identified inscriptions on the plating that date to 645 CE—around the exact same era as Asuka-Dera’s construction. In 2024, archaeologist Takehiro Hasumura confirmed the overlaps after examining the Gongsanseong specimens firsthand.

By the 7th century, elite Japanese warriors began to adopt keiko-style armor. Like the Baejke design, keiko armor consists of interwoven and flexible lamellar iron scales. Keiko’s adoption—along with its design—now makes it clearer than ever that Baekje artisans, specifically armorers, traveled alongside mainland Buddhist monks and emissaries. 

With additional excavation projects, archaeologists hope to further contextualize other pivotal cultural exchanges between these and other East Asian kingdoms.

The post Armor buried under Japanese temple linked to ancient Korean kingdom appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

The Home Depot is blowing out power tools from RIDGID, DeWalt, Milwaukee, and more during its huge spring sale - Popular Science

The Home Depot’s Spring Black Friday sale is running April 9–22, and the power tool section is loaded with deals worth taking seriously. Ryobi, Milwaukee, DeWalt, and RIDGID all have significant discounts. Plus: buy-this-get-a-free-tool promotions that substantially increase the value. Whether you’re a weekend DIYer or a seasoned pro building out your shop, here are the best power tool deals to grab before they’re gone.

RYOBI ONE+ 18V 8-Tool Combo Kit — $369 (was $529) Home Depot $529 $369 Revamp your entire tool collection in one shot.

Ryobi

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For anyone building out a Ryobi ONE+ tool collection, this 8-tool kit at $160 off is one of the best per-tool values in the entire Spring Black Friday sale. The kit includes a drill/driver, impact driver, circular saw, reciprocating saw, jigsaw, random orbit sander, multi-tool, and flashlight, along with three batteries (one 1.5Ah and two 4.0Ah) plus a charger. At $369 for 8 tools and a real battery kit, the math works out to under $50 per tool.

DeWalt 20V MAX XR Hammer Drill + ATOMIC Impact Driver Kit — $279 (was $349) Home Depot $349 $279 This kit will allow you to take just about anything apart and then put it back together.

DEWALT

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DeWalt’s 20V MAX XR hammer drill paired with the ATOMIC compact impact driver is a versatile two-tool combo that covers most drilling and driving tasks on the job site or in the shop. The XR hammer drill delivers 820 UWO of power, and the ATOMIC impact driver is compact enough for tight spaces while still handling 1,500 in-lbs of torque. At $279, the kit includes two 4.0Ah batteries and a charger. The batteries alone retail for around $80 each. Do the math.

DeWalt 20V Max XR Brushless 16-Gauge Finish Nailer — $329 (was $399, buy this get 1 free select tool) Home Depot $399 $329 Ditch the loud compressor for something a lot easier to handle.

DEWALT

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The DeWalt 20V XR finish nailer delivers consistent drive depth, runs on DeWalt’s widely available 20V MAX platform, and eliminates the need to drag a compressor and hose across a job site. The $70 discount is solid on its own, but the free select tool promo pushes this deal into must-consider territory. Plus, it looks awesome.

DeWalt FLEXVOLT 60V Max 17-in. String Trimmer Kit — $349 (buy this, get 1 free select tool) Home Depot $379 $349 The optional attachments make it super versatile.

DEWALT

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While the FLEXVOLT trimmer technically lives in the yard tool category, the buy-one-get-a-free-tool offer makes it highly relevant for anyone expanding their DeWalt battery ecosystem. Free tool options include an atomic reciprocating saw ($199 value). If you need a trimmer and want to add a saw, this is about as efficient a way to do it as you’ll find.

Milwaukee M18 FUEL 18V 8-in. Hatchet Pruning Saw — $199 (was $279) Home Depot $279 $199 You’re lying if you say looking at this thing doesn’t get you excited to go chainsaw things.

Milwaukee

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This compact, single-handed pruning saw handles branches up to 6 inches in diameter and is balanced well enough to use overhead. At $199 (down from $279), the tool-only price is the best deal for anyone already on M18 batteries. It’s become a go-to for arborists and serious homeowners alike.

More Power Tool Deals From The Home Depot’s Spring Black Friday Sale

The featured picks above are the standouts, but the Spring Black Friday sale runs deep across every tool category. Here are 50+ more deals worth adding to cart before the sale ends April 22.

Drills & Drivers Circular Saws Miter Saws & Table Saws Reciprocating Saws & Jig Saws Band Saws Nailers & Staplers Air Compressors Impact Wrenches Angle Grinders Oscillating Multi-Tools Power Tool Combo Kits Outdoor Power Tools

The post The Home Depot is blowing out power tools from RIDGID, DeWalt, Milwaukee, and more during its huge spring sale appeared first on Popular Science.

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The Home Depot Just Started Its Biggest Sale of the Season—Here Are 50+ Deals Worth Grabbing - Popular Science

The Home Depot’s Spring Black Friday sale is live right now, running April 9–22 while supplies last. It’s one of the biggest home improvement sales of the year, spanning power tools, outdoor power equipment, grills, patio furniture, appliances, and more — and some of the deals are genuinely excellent. We’re talking Milwaukee and Ryobi yard tools at their lowest prices of the season, Weber grills marked down across the board, and major appliances from GE, Samsung, and LG saving you hundreds. We’ve gone through the entire flyer and browsed the sale page to pull out the best deals worth your attention right now.

Best deals under $100 Earthgro 1.5 cu. ft. Wood Mulch — 5 bags for $10 (was $3.97 each) Home Depot $19.85 $10 You can never have enough mulch. ON SALE NOW See It

People wait for this sale every year. Five bags of Earthgro mulch for $10 is essentially half price, and it’s the kind of thing every homeowner with even a small garden bed needs at this time of year. Available in brown, red, or black. At this price, buy more than you think you need.

View this post on Instagram Ortho Home Defense Gallon Insect Killer with Comfort Wand — $9.97 (was $17.34, 42% off) Home Depot $17.34 $9.97 The wand makes application easy.

Ortho

ON SALE NOW
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At 42% off, this is one of the sharpest discounts in the entire sale. A full gallon of Ortho’s perimeter defense insect killer with the comfort wand applicator for under $10 is an easy pickup. The 12-month barrier keeps ants, spiders, and roaches from crossing the threshold.

StyleWell Amberview 6-pc. Patio Dining Set — $99 (was $139, 29% off) Home Depot $139 $99 It stows away easily when you’re not using it.

StyleWell

ON SALE NOW
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This complete outdoor dining setup includes a glass-top table, four folding chairs, and an umbrella for under $100. It’s a Home Depot exclusive, and at this price it won’t last. If you need to furnish a balcony, a small patio, or a vacation rental, grab this before it sells out.

Best yard tool deals Milwaukee M18 FUEL 8-in. Hatchet Pruning Saw (tool only) — $199 (was $279, save $80) Home Depot $279 $199 I have one of these and I was shocked how much I used it when I got it.

Milwaukee

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This is a perfect fit for your Evil Dead cosplay. It’s a one-handed pruning saw that rips through 6-in. branches like they’re nothing. It’s absurdly capable for its size and $80 off is the lowest price we’ve seen this year.

Ryobi ONE+ HP 18V Brushless 2-Tool Kit — $299 (buy this, get 1 free select tool) Home Depot $399 $299 Get everything you need to revamp your arsenal of yard tools.

Ryobi

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A 510 CFM blower, an Expand-It attachment-capable string trimmer, a 4.0Ah battery, a charger, and a free select tool, which can be a pruning chainsaw, edger attachment, or high-performance battery worth up to $129. That’s essentially four tools and a battery for $299.

Ryobi 40V HP 20-in. Brushless Push Mower 6.0Ah Kit — $359 (plus free 40V blower, while supplies last) Home Depot $458 $359 If you’re still pull-starting your mower, it’s time for an upgrade.

Ryobi

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Ryobi’s 40V HP brushless mower handles up to an acre per charge and the 6.0Ah battery is the premium option. Adding a free 40V blower (450 CFM, 120 mph, $99 value) turns this into a two-tool setup for the cost of one. Both run on the same 40V battery.

Best grill & patio deals NexGrill 4-Burner Gas Grill — $199 (was $249, Home Depot exclusive) Home Depot $249 $199 Hank Hill would be proud of this purchase.

Nexgrill

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Not everyone needs to spend $400+ on a gas grill, and NexGrill’s 4-burner at $199 is the most compelling budget option in this sale. Four independently controlled burners deliver even heat across a decent cooking surface, and as a Home Depot exclusive it won’t show up at this price anywhere else. I had a similar model that we kept at the mountain bike park and it was a blessing.

Hampton Bay Mayfield Park 4-pc. Patio Conversation Set — $399 (was $599, save $200) Home Depot $599 $399 Stop scouring Craigslist for used patio furniture and get the good stuff for the same price.

Hampton Bay

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Grab a loveseat, coffee table, and two rocking chairs with cushions for $200 off. The all-weather wicker and powder-coated steel frame hold up through seasons, the cushion covers are removable and washable, and the whole package arrives ready for a backyard that actually looks put together.

Best home upgrade deals Werner 6-ft. Fiberglass Step Ladder — $119 (was $199, 40% off) Home Depot $199 $119 The 10-foot height will help you finally take down those holiday lights you put up on real Black Friday.

Werner

ON SALE NOW
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Werner’s 6-ft. fiberglass Type IA holds 300 lbs., meets OSHA standards for professional use, and at 40% off ($80 savings) it’s the single steepest percentage discount on a name-brand tool in the entire sale. If you’ve been using a wobbly aluminum ladder from 2008, this is your sign. It’s a lot cheaper than a trip to the emergency room.

Ring Floodlight Cam Wired Plus — $119.99 (was $179.99, save $60) Home Depot $179.99 $119.99 This is a great companion to a video doorbell.

Ring

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I have one of these installed on my house right now and I’ve been very happy with all of its features. It’s one of the most complete outdoor security setups you can buy, and at $119.99 it’s approaching impulse-buy territory for something that genuinely makes your home safer. The hard-wiring requires work up front, but it’s great not to have to remember to charge it.

Best big-ticket deals (worth the investment) LG 28 cu. ft. Stainless Steel French Door Refrigerator — $1,599 (was $3,099, save $1,500) Home Depot $3,099 $1,599 This is the kind of fridge I wished my family had when I was a kid.

LG

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Free delivery is included on appliance purchases of $998 or more, and Home Depot is offering 12-month financing on storewide purchases of $299+. If your fridge is on its last legs, this is the moment to upgrade to LG’s fancy model with built-in water/ice and tons of room inside.

Milwaukee M18 FUEL 21-in. Brushless Self-Propelled Mower 12.0Ah Kit — $999 (was $1,199, save $200) Home Depot $1,199 $999 The same batteries that power your tools can also power your mower.

Milwaukee

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The kit includes two 12.0Ah batteries and a dual bay rapid charger (a package worth over $600 on its own). At $200 off, you’re getting top-tier performance and eliminating gas, oil, and pull-cord frustration for years. This is particularly handy if you’re already bought into Milwaukee’s battery ecosystem.

Every The Home Depot Spring Black Friday deal worth knowing about

Those are our top picks, but there are hundreds more deals in the sale. Below, we’ve organized every standout deal from the Spring Black Friday flyer and sale page into easy-to-browse categories. Prices are valid April 9–22, 2026 unless otherwise noted.

Ryobi power tools & outdoor equipment Milwaukee tools & outdoor equipment DeWalt power tools & outdoor equipment RIDGID tools ECHO & Murray gas-powered outdoor equipment Grills & outdoor cooking Patio furniture & outdoor living Smart home, security & lighting Major appliances — refrigerators Major appliances — ranges & ovens Major appliances — dishwashers, laundry & more Paint supplies & project essentials Bath & kitchen upgrades Flooring & decking Garden & lawn care Storage, organization & work gear Cleaning, household & spring essentials Plumbing, electrical & pro essentials

The post The Home Depot Just Started Its Biggest Sale of the Season—Here Are 50+ Deals Worth Grabbing appeared first on Popular Science.

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JBL BandBox Trio practice amplifier review: A party speaker for musicians, not just music - Popular Science

Music is the lifeblood of a good party. Whether it’s a live performance by a great band, a skilled DJ, or even your cousin Sally and Aunt June going ham on a beat-up karaoke machine, it’s part of the soundtrack of our lives. If you’re a musician, you know the sweetness that comes from adding your own notes to that music, which is exactly where the JBL BandBox Trio comes in: the performer’s party speaker.

Chris Coke

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  • All-in-one design can replace a party speaker, small practice amp, mixer, and karaoke box
  • Built-in battery makes it easy to use away from an outlet
  • Lighter and easier to carry than a traditional combo amp or head + cab
  • Intuitive screen-and-knob interface keeps setup and tweaking approachable
  • STEM AI tools make practice faster and more useful
  • Guitar presets and editable signal chains offer solid plug-and-play flexibility
  • Delivers full, fun sound for home use, small parties, and casual performances
Cons
  • 135W rating overstates its real-world loudness vs. larger guitar amps
  • Small drivers can sound crowded at higher volumes when several channels are active at once
  • Amp and effects models are good, but not as deep or refined as dedicated gear
  • Stock tuning leans bass-heavy and can need adjustment for clarity
  • Extra battery costs more, though most users probably will not need it
The short version

The JBL BandBox Trio is a cleverly niche all-in-one for musicians who want one compact box to cover practice, parties, karaoke, and casual performance, and while it won’t outgun a real guitar amp or outclass dedicated modeling gear, it packs enough portability, smart practice features, and just-plain-useful versatility to make it a genuinely appealing grab-and-go option.  

The build and purpose

JBL is best known for its wide range of speakers and headphones, and already counts among its catalog some of the best party speakers. The BandBox Trio and its smaller sibling, the BandBox Solo, represent a new step for JBL, directly toward solo musicians and performers. If those people happen to have a summer barbecue or office banger where raucous renditions of “Rockin’ in the Free World” are called for (karaoke style), or the “Cha Cha Slide” hasn’t yet made an appearance, well, that makes this all the better of an investment.

Because, yes, the Trio is a party speaker, complete with audio inputs for Bluetooth 5.4, USB, and 3.5mm sources. But it’s also a low-profile, small-footprint guitar amplifier, a mixer, and an effects processor. Each one of these comes with the settings and parameters you would expect, ranging from dialing in the EQ with simple Bass and Treble controls to setting up a full signal chain for an electric guitar, complete with categorized stomp boxes, amps, and cabs. This is the party speaker with versatility built into its DNA.

Its physical construction is robust, but it’s noticeably less so than that of a dedicated guitar amp at a similar price. It’s “party speaker” robust, not “touring rig” robust. On the flip side, the Trio is also much lighter, and that also includes a built-in, swappable battery, so you’re not tethered to an outlet. Even so, I still find it to be well-made and solid. Treated with care, it should last for years. 

Part of the reason it’s smaller and lighter is that it uses a single 6.5-inch woofer and a pair of 1-inch tweeters instead of the single or even double 12-inch cones found in many comparable guitar amps. JBL says it can output up to 135 watts, and maybe it can, but don’t be misled: a 100-watt guitar amp with a speaker almost twice the size gets much, much louder and fills larger spaces far better than the Trio can. But for virtually any scenario at home, including the aforementioned summer get-together, it should get plenty loud. 

And, to be completely frank, it is so much easier to travel with the Trio that I’ve been happy to leave my bigger amp at home unless I really need its power or precise tone.

The Trio resembles a stage wedge, a low-profile monitor used by performers. The front face is all grille with a big JBL logo in the center. On top is a large silicone handle that is so much nicer to carry than a standard amp handle, and the control center. 

Using the speaker is done with a larger, color display and a handful of buttons and knobs. The screen shows a mixing interface when you first turn it on, and it always labels its active controls, making it intuitive to use. The mixing panel shows four channels, each with its own physical button, and clicking into any allows you to adjust levels, change EQ, apply vocal and guitar effects (increasing reverb on a microphone or distortion on a guitar, for example), and change parameters. This is especially rich for guitar, where you can create a complete signal chain for a completely custom tone. 

Around the back is the I/O panel. There are two multi-jacks that can support either XLR or standard 1/4-inch patch cables, plus a third instrument jack. And, like I mentioned up top, USB, 3.5mm, and Bluetooth. You can even use it as a speaker for your PC if you like to gig with a laptop.

Internally, it sports a big 68WH battery that JBL quotes as lasting up to 10 hours. That will depend heavily on how loud you’re playing, of course, but if you run it dry and can’t plug in, you can swap in a second battery. It’ll set you back another $110 and, in most situations where you’d be using the Trio, really isn’t necessary beyond peace of mind.

Finally, we get to the amp’s smart features. This is really where things get interesting. It comes with a selection of basic tools, like a tuner and metronome, a looper, a drum machine, and even AI. Yes, AI, but hold onto your scoffs for just a moment because this is one of the best implementations I’ve seen in a practice tool. 

JBL calls it STEM AI. Using a combination of the app, onboard controls, or both, simply turning on this mode opens the door to some truly useful features—whether you’ve been playing for decades or just picked up the instrument last week. 

The hallmark feature here is that STEM AI can, in real-time, separate audio into individual tracks for different instruments and vocals. You can turn these up or down, allowing you to hear parts better or remove them entirely so you can fill in yourself. Using the app, you can also pitch shift songs, so if you’re practicing a song in a different key than what was recorded, you can quickly adjust, isolate the part you’re learning, and play along.

It’s an incredibly useful learning feature for practicing licks at home, but it is also helpful for live performances, allowing you to use real songs and not “karaoke mixes” for your backing tracks.

The sound and performance 

In the words of my favorite college professor, the Trio is trying to “wear many different hats” all at the same time. The fear, of course, is that when you’re a jack of all trades, you risk being a master of none and, for this particular speaker, finding yourself in the annals of music-tech history. And while there are definite sacrifices going with an all-in-one product, JBL kinda knocked it out of the park. 

The Trio strikes an important balance between offering a quality feature set and performance-worthy acoustics while also remaining reasonably priced. At $600, it offers just enough in every area to make it worth considering, even while single-purpose alternatives may offer advantages in tone or capability.

As a guitarist and music lover, that’s where I spent most of my time. I used it as a speaker at my day job and carried it home to practice for that week’s worship set, amalgamating multiple guitar parts into a cohesive whole that I could play myself. That’s an important distinction because it requires versatility that simple systems struggle to maintain.

And while it won’t replace my Line 6 Helix and its deep processing capabilities for live or recorded work, I was surprised to find that the Trio isn’t just “fine” but has quickly become one of my favorite pieces of practice gear ever.

As a critic, I approach the Trio from a place that wouldn’t necessarily be charitable to it. The Helix, my daily driver, is an incredible, rich, and very expensive piece of guitar tech. But it’s a single piece of the sound chain. You can’t perform with just the Helix. And so the complications begin immediately, and quickly progress once you get into programming in custom sounds. You can do a lot, but it can take a lot to get there.

The Trio suffers none of that, for better and worse. It comes with a couple dozen preset tones, each the result of a half-dozen built-in effects and amp models dialed in to create a specific sound. You can use these as-is or take them as a starting point, swapping stomp boxes and settings to tailor your tone. “Just far enough” would have been offering tone presets, but being able to dive in and tweak each piece of the effects chain is that “small step farther” that makes this feel like a guitarist’s tool above anything else. 

The thing is, you quickly come to realize that even though it does go the extra step of providing options within its effects chain, there aren’t very many to choose from, and so the tonal options aren’t as robust. You could spend hours tweaking settings on the Helix. With its presets, you get the sense that someone at JBL already has. Each tone is well-represented, from twangy country drive to clean and compressed straight through to blistering lead tones and chunky metal rhythms. Classic guitar tones ranging from the 60s to modern day all have a preset. From there, tweak settings like reverb, drive, and EQ to taste.

From a company that most people probably wouldn’t even associate with guitar, it would be fair to expect that JBL’s simulations of its different amps and effects might lag behind its more established competition, like Yamaha or Positive Grid. And you would be right. Compared with dedicated multi-effects hardware, where modeling is their only job, the sound quality and resolution of the different amps and effects aren’t as high. But they aren’t bad.

And when you consider all that this amp is trying to do, what it offers for simplifying practice and making more efficient use of your time, that in a pinch, you could take it to a coffee shop or summer party, turn it on, and go, exactly like at home—there’s real, tangible, and sometimes even financial value in that. The sounds it provides through its presets are varied enough to get you in the ballpark of most songs, including wah-soaked classics like “Voodoo Child.” Just be prepared to make some tweaks—like lowering the bass on pretty much everything when you’re playing guitar.

The Trio’s biggest challenge is its size. Though it supports four channels, it can sound a bit busy to my ear, like its small trio of drivers is overwhelmed trying to reproduce so much sound. But then, that also depends on what you’re trying to send through each channel. An acoustic guitar, a singer, and a background track are going to sound very different from an overdriven guitar on top of ’80s metal and pretty much any singer trying to butt in on that.

When used to its fullest within its limits, the Trio sounds great. For music, it’s full, weighty, and loud. Its half-inch woofer does a lot of work, and the out-of-the-box tuning definitely leans into the low- and mid-bass at the expense of clarity. Thankfully, this is an easy fix using the global bass and treble settings (something which also applies to guitar). Properly tuned, the Trio can drive a small party all on its own without sacrificing the mids to get there. For performance, with the right musician and singer, or pure karaoke enthusiast, it’s big enough to make you stop and second-guess that so much sound could be coming from such a small speaker. 

The verdict

With such a blend of capabilities, the Trio is inherently a niche product, but it’s also unique and more than a little cool, given how well it’s put together. If you happen to fall within its crosshairs, it seems inevitable that you’ll find something to love. 

That goes for more than just beginners. I’ve played guitar for more than 25 years, and the ability to quickly isolate the guitar and pitch-shift it to the proper key without a computer has been game-changing for my practice. While you shouldn’t expect the “best tone” or “deepest customization” from an all-in-one unit like this, what’s here is great for the less formal moments in life, be it bedroom or busking. The JBL BandBox Trio is about simplifying the progression from practice to performance and foregoing the need to purchase a separate amp, party speaker, and karaoke machine. And for those beginner guitarists and vocalists out there, this truly is an excellent investment that’s ready to grow with you for years into the future.

Tech Specs SpecDetailForm FactorPortable stage-wedge-style party speaker / modeling ampBest ForPractice, karaoke, small parties, busking, coffee-shop gigsSpeaker Configuration1 x 6.5-inch woofer, 2 x 1-inch tweetersPower RatingUp to 135 wattsChannels4InputsBluetooth 5.4, USB, 3.5mm, 2 combo XLR/1/4-inch inputs, 1 instrument jackGuitar FeaturesPreset tones, editable effects chain, amp, and cab sims, with mobile app supportOnboard ToolsTuner, metronome, looper, drum machine, STEM AIBattery PowerYes, 68Wh removable rechargeable Li-ionBattery LifeUp to 10 hoursExtra Battery Cost$110BandBox Trio Price$599.95

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Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Robot birds deployed in Grand Teton National Park for sexy time - Popular Science

Spring is here, and that can only mean one thing: the return of robot birds. In Wyoming’s Grand Teton National Park, rangers and conservationists are once again deploying specially designed robotic decoys of the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in a bid to encourage breeding. Although they may not exactly look like the real thing to human park visitors, ecologists hope the robo-birds can convince the region’s dwindling grouse population to start reproducing. .

The greater sage-grouse is a prime example of the consequences of habitat loss. Around 16 million of the chicken-sized birds lived across North America at the beginning of the 20th century. Ecological surveys now indicate that by the late 1960s, grouse populations in the West began to decline an average of 2.3 percent every year. While the species as a whole isn’t endangered, populations in areas like Grand Teton National Park are at serious risk of completely disappearing. At one of the park’s breeding sites—known as leks—conservationists only tallied three male grouses last year.

A major reason for Grand Teton’s declining population is owed to years of grazing cows destroying their typical food supplies and hiding spots. Although it’s been decades since the last cattle herds trampled over the region, grouse numbers have yet to improve. Part of this is also due to the nearby Jackson Hole Airport. As the only airport inside the national park, plane traffic has further disrupted the birds’ lives. In some cases, aircraft have even struck and killed unlucky grouse.

Over the last eight years, Grand Teton staff have partnered with various community organizations and local schools to restore around 100 acres of pasture near the airport. They have particularly focused on reintroducing native plants and maintaining leks for grouse breeding. But building up the space is only one part of the battle.

“One of the challenges with restoration is that even when you create great habitat, wildlife doesn’t always show up right away,” Grand Teton Park spokesperson Emily Davis explained in a recent SFGATE profile.

Like a similar project last year, rangers tasked local high schoolers to help bring back the grouse. For 2026, they enlisted the RoboBroncs—Jackson Hole High School’s robotics team—to design and build mechanical grouse decoys. While the bodies are largely composed of repurposed materials like blankets and packing foam, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department supplied actual pointy tail feathers.

There are two types of robo-grouse installed at Grand Teton Park—stationary mounts, as well as automated models built to move and dance like the actual birds during mating rituals. Some of them are even capable of puffing their chests like a male grouse. To boost the realism, recorded breeding calls are also played every day beginning at 5 a.m. on nearby concealed speakers.

“The idea is to encourage birds to begin displaying and mating at the restored site,” Davis explained. “Because brood-rearing happens near the lek, this can help draw more sage-grouse to the area over time.”

With any luck, the robotic assistants will help steer sage-grouse away from the airport towards restored habitats, where they will meet mates and breed. The standard courtship season lasts through mid-May, and rangers will be monitoring each step of the way using a trail camera.

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How sulfur could fix 3D printing’s waste problem - Popular Science

In one corner of a typical 3D printing workshop, failed prints and discarded support structures pile up like industrial kindling. The technology is supposed to be lean. produce only what you need, when you need it. But anyone who runs a printer knows the reality. Misprints, scaffolding, abandoned prototypes: they accumulate.

In a laboratory at the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, a researcher is demonstrating something that makes that waste pile look like a design choice rather than an inevitability. He takes a freshly printed object from the printer and crushes it into a shapeless lump with his bare hands. Then he nonchalantly stuffs the lump back into the printer’s material container. Heat is applied. A new object emerges from the nozzle, smooth and clean. No grinding, no reprocessing into filament. Crush, load, print. That’s it.

The material isn’t some exotic synthetic resin. It’s sulfur—the yellowish industrial byproduct that piles up in literal mountains at oil refineries and natural gas plants. Roughly 85 million tons of sulfur pour out of refineries and smelters worldwide every year. Some of it is turned into sulfuric acid or fertilizer. But much of it just sits there in yellow mounds on factory grounds, waiting for a use.

4D printing using sulfur plastic as a raw material.
Image: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology

A joint research team led by Dr. Kim Dong-Gyun of the Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Prof. Wie Jeong-Jae of Hanyang University, and Prof. Kim Yong-Seok of Sejong University may have found one. Their paper, published as a cover article in Advanced Materials, suggests that sulfur can solve the chronic waste problem that has dogged 3D printing since its inception.

Dr. DongGyun Kim of KRICT, who led the study, and Jae Hyuk Hwang, a researcher at KRICT and the paper’s first author
Image: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Why 3D printing materials are so hard to recycle

The problem starts at the molecular level. Common thermoplastics like PLA and ABS can technically be melted down and reused, but every time you reheat them, you’re breaking polymer chains. The material gets weaker and less elastic. Research has shown that recycled plastics can drop below usable performance thresholds after as few as three to five cycles. And that’s assuming you’re willing to grind down the failed print, melt it at high temperatures, and extrude it back into filament of uniform thickness—a process that is slow, energy-intensive, and rarely worth the trouble for small batches.

Photocurable resins are worse. When UV light hardens them, it forms irreversible covalent bonds between the molecules. The resulting material won’t melt. It won’t dissolve. There is no practical way to undo the chemistry and get the raw material back.

So the waste problem in 3D printing is really a chemistry problem. Once these materials harden, they’re locked into their final state. The Korea Research Institute team set out to find a chemical bond that can be locked and unlocked at will. A material that holds its shape when needed and breaks apart on command. They found one in sulfur.

A decade of trying to make sulfur useful

The idea of making plastic out of sulfur dates back to 2013, when Jeffrey Pyun’s team at the University of Arizona produced the first stable polymer in which sulfur made up more than half the material. The technique, known as inverse vulcanization, flipped the logic of conventional rubber processing. Normally, you add a small amount of sulfur to harden rubber. Pyun’s team made sulfur the main ingredient and added small amounts of organic compounds to hold it together.

Sulfur plastic
Image: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology

The resulting material had unusual properties. It transmitted infrared light, making it a candidate for thermal imaging lenses. It could selectively absorb heavy metals like mercury from contaminated water. Over the following decade, labs around the world explored variations on the formula.

However, adapting sulfur plastic for 3D printing proved stubbornly difficult. The problem was structural. Inside the plastic, molecules were knotted into a mesh so tight that nothing could move through it. That density gave the plastic its strength. But it also made the material too viscous to push through a printer nozzle, even when melted. Researchers tried adjusting sulfur ratios and swapping in different organic crosslinkers, but the fundamental architecture of the network stayed the same. The mesh was too tight.

Loosening the mesh

Dr. Kim’s team took a different approach. Instead of tweaking ingredient ratios within the existing network framework, they redesigned the network itself. They deliberately loosened the crosslinked structure, spacing out the connections between molecular chains.

This was necessary because sulfur-sulfur bonds break and reform easily. Heat breaks them apart. As it cools they reconnect. In the old, tightly crosslinked structures, the effect was largely suppressed. The bonds didn’t have enough room to rearrange. In the looser network, those exchange reactions came alive. The practical payoff is a property called shear-thinning: When forced through a narrow opening, the material’s viscosity drops and it flows easily. Through the printer nozzle it flows like a liquid. Once extruded, the bonds reform and the shape holds.

Getting the looseness right was the hard part. Too loose, and the material loses its strength. With too little crosslinker the sulfur reverts to its elemental form. It unravels.

“Adding too little organic crosslinker makes the material overly flexible, and the sulfur ends up unraveling back to its original elemental form,” Dr. Kim said. “To maintain the desired properties, a certain minimum amount of crosslinker is required, so we went through a process of fine-tuning the ratios.”

Objects fabricated using sulfur-plastic-based 4D printing.
Image: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Crush, load, print again

What makes this material genuinely different from conventional 3D printing plastics is what happens after printing. Because the sulfur-sulfur bonds are reversible, a finished print can be heated back into a soft, deformable state at any time. When it cools, the bonds reconnect and the material re-solidifies. The shape changes; the material doesn’t degrade. You can take a failed print or a structure that’s outlived its usefulness, crush it, stuff it back into the printer’s hopper, and print something new. No grinding. No filament reprocessing. The team confirmed that material properties remained stable through up to ten recycling cycles without significant degradation.

They called the process ‘closed-loop printing’. Sulfur that was once refinery waste becomes a printable plastic, gets shaped into a useful structure, and when that structure is no longer needed, gets melted down and printed into something else. At no point does the material leave the cycle as waste.

Printing robots without motors

Recyclability turned out to be only the beginning. The same dynamic bonds that make the material reusable also make it responsive. When exposed to heat or light, the bonds break and reform in ways that allow a printed structure to change shape and move according to a pre-designed pattern—a capability known as 4D printing, where objects continue to transform after they leave the printer.

By adjusting the sulfur content, the team could tune the temperature at which this shape-memory effect kicks in. At 46 percent sulfur, the material returns to its programmed shape at around 14°C. At 63 percent, the trigger temperature rises to about 35°C. At 76 percent, it’s roughly 52°C. Certain compositions also respond to near-infrared light. And when iron powder is mixed in, the material becomes magnetically responsive. Temperature, light, magnetic fields—different stimuli can be combined within a single printed object.

A 4D-printed object mixed with iron particles autonomously opening its lid and releasing its contents in response to a moving magnet.
Image: Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology

To demonstrate what this means in practice, the team printed several soft robots. None of them contain batteries, wires, or motors. They move entirely through the material’s own shape-memory response to external stimuli.

One was a thread-shaped underwater robot, just one millimeter thick, that rolled through water in response to magnetic fields. Robot cleared obstacles nearly 1.75 times its own body thickness. Another was a gripper robot that opened and closed its arms in response to ambient temperature changes. It could pick up and relocate small objects.

The most striking demonstration was a capsule-shaped robot designed to carry out a chemical reaction autonomously. The team loaded a catalyst inside a 3D-printed sulfur-plastic capsule and sealed it. When the capsule was dropped into an organic solvent solution and the temperature reached 50°C, the lid popped open on its own, releasing the catalyst. Simultaneously, a magnet rotating beneath the container spun the capsule like a magnetic stir bar, mixing the solution evenly. After about 60 minutes, the reaction was complete. Without anyone having to add the catalyst by hand or stir the solution. 

What’s still missing

Commercialization is a long way off. The ten-cycle recycling figure is encouraging, but the team hasn’t yet run long-term tests beyond a few dozen cycles. More iron powder improves the magnetic response, but above 20 percent it clogs the nozzle. And no sulfur polymer material of any kind has yet reached commercial production.

“To move beyond lab-scale results and turn this into actual products, we need to target specific application areas and work with companies from the early stages,” Dr. Kim said.

A single material, many functions

“If you look at each element in isolation, there has been prior research,” Dr. Kim said. “For instance, studies using magnetic particles to build soft robots, or work demonstrating shape-memory properties with sulfur polymers—those individual component technologies already existed. But this is the first time all of these have been integrated into a single material that can deliver so many different functions at once.”

That integration is the real contribution. It is a material made from industrial waste. It is printable and fully recyclable. It can also be programmed to move, respond to its environment, and carry out tasks on its own. Each of those capabilities existed separately. Putting them together in one printable, crushable, re-printable substance is new. 

The post How sulfur could fix 3D printing’s waste problem appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Why humans don’t have tails - Popular Science

Many of the animals we know and love today have tails, from the littlest kitten to the largest whale. These tails vary widely by anatomy and purpose—from the grippy tails of opossums to the balancing tails of kangaroos to the swimming tails of fish. Others tell us how an animal is feeling, like a happy puppy with a wiggly butt. 

Having a tail that extends beyond the anal opening is a requirement of membership in the phylum Chordata, where humans and all other vertebrates reside. But us humans don’t really have a “tail” in the same way most creatures do, at least past eight weeks in the womb. Neither do our closest primate relatives. 

For humans, the story of losing our tails goes way back in the evolutionary timeline. “The reason that humans don’t have tails is that our ancestors didn’t have tails,” says Carol Ward, a distinguished professor in the integrative anatomy program at the University of Missouri. But how we lost tails is a story that goes back at least 20 million years into human—and ape—geneological history. 

One tail of a mystery

In the heart of the Miocene, land-dwelling animals were starting to look more and more like the fauna of today. During this era, which lasted from around 23 million years ago to five million years ago, the first dog-bears appeared, primitive giraffes frolicked through Eurasia, and dog-sized three-toed horse ancestors lived in Florida. 

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Why we have two nostrils instead of one big hole

Humans, on the other hand, weren’t exactly humans yet. Human evolution is a story of divergence that goes back to the Miocene when African apes split off from orangutans. Recent research estimates that the last common ancestor between humans, chimps, and bonobos split off around five to six million years ago, and evidence for early members of the Homo genus didn’t appear in the fossil record until around 2.8 million years ago

The trouble here is that these evolutionary cousins of ours are also tailless. So to find a tailed relative, we have to go back even further. Around 25 to 30 million years ago, our ape ancestors branched off from tailed monkeys. Once that split happened, many species of tailless apes started popping up in the millions of years that followed. This makes it pretty much impossible to determine which exact tailless species would go on to evolve into us, says Ward. 

The fossil record only offers us limited glimpses of what was happening, but even those snippets are enlightening. One such glimpse is the Ekembo, a genus with specimens dating back 17 to 20 million years ago that have been found in Kenya. Fossils of one species in this genus, the Ekembo heseloni, offer up a pretty good look at the relationship between apes and tails at the time, says Ward. These guys probably looked like chimps with legs and arms of the same length, adds Ward, and fossil evidence suggests that these creatures climbed on tree branches on all fours and kept the long, bendy lower backs that modern apes eventually lost. But what they were missing was the key components necessary for a tail. 

When it comes to pinpointing when ape tails disappeared, we have to look to the sacrum fossil, the bony structure at the base of our lumbar vertebrae. Sacrum fossils for say, cats and other tailed mammals, lead into a bunch of tail vertebrae. For apes and humans, the sacrum ends with just a small tip. 

“We have that small tippy point for Ekembo heseloni,” Ward says, “We know that sacrum could not have supported a tail, and that animal didn’t have one.”

The above skeleton belongs to an ancient ape, Ekembo nyanzae, dating back 17 to 20 million years ago that have been found in Kenya. Image: Ghedoghedo / CC BY-SA 3.0

But Ekembo isn’t the only example of a tailless primate from around this time. Another Miocene-era ape dubbed Nacholapithecus appears in Kenya’s fossil record about 15 million years ago. Fossils of these creatures’ sacrums demonstrate that they too wouldn’t have been able to support a tail, adds Ward.

While it’s not clear which exact ape goes on to become a hominid millions of years down the line, the evidence shows that apes had evolved to be tailless in this time period. And if our ancient ape ancestors didn’t have tails, homidis—and, in turn, humans—won’t either. 

Why hominid (and ape) tails disappeared

So we know pretty certainly that the “human” tail went the way of the dinosaurs long before humans were a twinkle in evolution’s eye. But why? There are a bunch of theories, but it may have to do with movement and motion, Ward suggests. 

Even though we, and our tailless brethren like gorillas, chimps, and gibbons, are related to these 20-million-year-old apes in some capacity, they likely looked very different from their modern counterparts. 

“Modern chimps and gorillas have really long forelimbs, really long hands and fingers, short hind limbs, and a bunch of other features for hanging below branches,” says Ward. “But millions of years ago, that wasn’t the case. [Early apes] had arms and legs that are about the same length, so we’re pretty sure they walked on all fours.” 

These strategies are intertwined with taillessness. While many animals use their tails to help maintain balance while in motion, they are especially useful if that movement is swift—think a running cheetah or a swinging monkey. 

Miocene apes were eating fruit out of trees, explains Ward. Getting to the good stuff on the edge of a fruit tree branch requires supporting their weight on multiple branches, moving slowly and carefully so as to not lose balance. 

For our slow-moving ape ancestors, a tail may have been a waste of energy to grow, or a potential liability waiting to be yanked by a predator. “They were climbing, but they were doing it deliberately,” Ward says. “The tail just didn’t offer an advantage.”

In Ask Us Anything, Popular Science answers your most outlandish, mind-burning questions, from the everyday things you’ve always wondered to the bizarre things you never thought to ask. Have something you’ve always wanted to know? Ask us.

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A year later, L.A.B. Golf’s weird science got bigger … and more personal - Popular Science

In February 2025, I went to Creswell, Ore., to see whether cult putter manufacturer L.A.B. Golf’s zero-torque premise could do something no golf instruction or my own overactive brain ever could: remove a variable without removing me from the process. In March 2026, I went back on the heels of something heel-shafted—L.A.B. Golf’s unusually country-club-coded LINK.2 blade putters, a more familiar silhouette from a company better known for shapes that look like dares. This was the growing company’s clearest attempt yet to package its zero-torque worldview in a shape traditionalists might actually recognize (and embrace). An older golfer at the Springfield, Va., country club where I first tested a stock LINK.2.1 looked it over lustily and declared it the “Patek Philippe of putters.”

My takeaway from that first visit wasn’t that L.A.B. had invented a magic wand. It was that Lie Angle Balance—the company’s namesake way of building putters so they resist twisting and stay more stable through the stroke—could strip out one of putting’s smallest, most persistent frictions. You still have to read greens. You still have to manage pace. You still have to live with your mishits … your many, many mishits. But the right club will stop asking for so many mid-stroke negotiations.

LAB Golf

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L.A.B. Co-founder Sam Hahn, also the company “Sultan,” according to the placard outside his office, has long argued that “zero torque” is really a simplification. What L.A.B. is building is really a kind of corrective torque, not the absence of force so much as technology to deliberately manage those forces so the golfer has to do less of it by hand. That sounds like the kind of distinction only a putting obsessive could love, but it gets at something central to how the company sees itself now: not just as the loudest name in a buzzy category, but as a steward of defining it more objectively.

A year later, L.A.B. Golf is in the same location at the edge of the Emerald Valley Golf & Resort, but in a very different place in the industry. It is no longer simply an oddball putter company in its Pacific Northwest bubble, making heads that once inspired equal parts inquisition and zealotry. It is now a company navigating two kinds of validation at once: financial and golfing.

__________

The first came in the form of acquisition by private-equity firm L Catterton, a drawn-out process Hahn described as “excruciating” because it came at a time the company was already growing at “an absolutely absurd, pretty unprecedented rate.” The second came in June 2025 when J. J. Spaun sank the winning 64-foot putt at the 125th U.S. Open with a custom L.A.B. DF3 putter [shown in the air below right], a moment Hahn called “the perfect closure to chapter one,” and one that left the company, “in a small little way,” “officially etched into golf history.”

J. J. Spaun of the United States celebrates winning on the 18th green during the final round of the 125th U.S. OPEN at Oakmont Country Club on June 15, 2025, in Oakmont, Pennsylvania. Warren Little/Getty Images

L.A.B. has been slowly carving out its presence since 2018, but looking around Hahn’s office, you’d be led to believe L.A.B. had been part of golf history for the better part of a century. There’s a picture of Arnold Palmer circa 1953 with his L.A.B. putter. And there’s Richard Nixon with one. And there’s Ty Webb with his. Sure, they’re all photoshopped printouts, but after the last year, it wouldn’t be that hard to replace them all with actual photos from the Tour. You never know what can happen at Augusta National.

Walking through the building, it felt more like a company that could keep up with the $200 million-plus endeavor it had become. The deal didn’t so much change L.A.B.’s identity as remove bottlenecks from a company that was already outgrowing its old shape. Luckily, it’s a company that has no issue with new or odd shapes.

Last year, I saw a place straining at the seams. This year, I saw the same weirdness, but with more room to breathe. More space for conceptualizing and prototyping, a Ted Lasso-style “BELIEVE” sign sitting on the shelf above a workbench. More space for a six-axis precision measuring arm. More dedicated CNC machines for production. More repeatability. More order. Literally fewer walls to make the equipment and 250-plus employees all fit. Same dedication to hand-balancing and verifying every single one of the 1,500-plus clubs that leave the facility daily.

Lead times that once stretched to 14 weeks are now down closer to two on some builds, the result of what Director of Manufacturing Engineering Kevin Martin described as an effort “to level up everywhere in the company, from here to production, from equipment to processes across the board.”

Part of that leveling up involved the LINK.2 challenge to determine head material and shape, entry point of the shaft, hosel design, and weighting to deliver L.A.B.’s forgiveness with limited perimeter to manipulate. Martin also addressed the obvious anxiety that comes with private equity in any enthusiast niche: “The biggest fear … was that our stuff is going to slip once we get bought by PE, but we haven’t seen that at all. We’ve actually been requested to do everything with a higher standard than we had before.” 

Identifying and addressing pain points matters because L.A.B. still does not really make a mass product, even as it has achieved a critical mass of product. Putters still cost $499 stock up to $1,299 custom, offering an increasing number of shapes and components. Of course, L.A.B. is hardly alone in treating putters as an active design frontier. Across golf, manufacturers have been experimenting with new processes, new geometries, and new materials—from multi-material constructions to 3D-printed heads—in an effort to chase stability, consistency, and feel. L.A.B.’s distinction is that all of its experimentation keeps circling back to the same central thesis: remove torque, then fit the rest around the golfer.

Hahn told me the modern golf consumer is “less susceptible to BS marketing than they’ve ever been,” more informed and more interested in “scientific reality.” That has suited L.A.B., who continue to work on ways to quantify zero-torque’s legitimacy. But it has also forced the company to learn a broader audience in real time. There will always be hardcore mallet guys, real L.A.B. rats, but the LINK.2 invites a new Newport crowd to go from intrigued to convinced. That same maturation shows up in fitting.

__________

Last time, the fitting, which was done adjacent to HQ on the club’s putting green with a couple of golf bags of samples, felt like an outdoor mood board with physics. This time, it happens inside a dedicated studio, on a course-like artificial green lined with roughly 250 L.A.B. configurations. That’s not all the millions of potential builds, once you factor in every variation of alignment marks and other aesthetic customizations, but it’s enough to make the point and properly inform the customer perspective. 

Senior Fitting Specialist Tyler Falk, who fit me [several paragraphs below, in orange], says we’re only working with the “24 pack of crayons versus the 96 pack,” because we’re starting with just the recently released LINK.2.1LINK.2.2, and DF3i models, not every conceivable version. However, we have more than enough to stop pretending this is just a vibe check. And there are those who come in excited to try anything and everything. Different strokes for different folks, as they say.

This room is the clearest symbol of where L.A.B. is now. The first time I stood here, it was an unfinished mound. Now it’s an inviting in-person pilgrimage. The company still sells a philosophy, but it has become much better at measuring how that philosophy meets an individual golfer. My first fitting was a conversation about shape, alignment, shaft feel, and preference. This one is also a conversation about data.

After some initial putter introductions and subjective impressions, Falk walks me through Quintic ball-roll readings and the kind of launch-monitor scrutiny that doesn’t care what I think I want. I hit a series of balls, high-speed cameras measure what happens at impact and during the first second(s) of roll, then we turn to a large screen dotted with reds and greens. The goal, he explained, is forward rotation and getting away from putts that skid or backspin and force you into inconsistent pace corrections. That was inconvenient news for my ego.

I came in thinking I would probably leave with some custom version of the LINK.2, probably with the fanciest TPT carbon fiber shaft because more expensive = better, right? That would best flatter the fantasy I have of the golfer I could become, striding up unassumingly, nonchalantly, and finding the bottom of the cup repeatedly from 20, 30, let’s just say 60 feet. But as the session unfolded, the evidence kept nudging me elsewhere.

___________

What we found after an hour was that the DF3i with a GEARS shaft addressed, more than anything, my need for steadier distance control and a build that would hold up better when my stroke was less than perfect.

The LINK.2.1 and LINK2.2 were not rejected. They were simply not the answer to the question my stroke was asking. Falk’s language around it was refreshingly unsentimental. With the LINK2.2 and an ACCRA shaft, the numbers were good. With the DF3i and GEARS, they were more resilient. He told me there is “no single shaft” that automatically performs better because of price or prestige; the point is matching profile to player. 

In my case, he says, the steel shaft “entered” my transition a little too much, the $250 Diamana carbon fiber upgrade was still a bit too stiff, and softening that profile “just a little bit” with GEARS graphite [available for “only” $175 more but clearly not a tier below] was where he “started to see your distance control really improve.” He liked the DF3i because my mishits produced better launch-and-roll numbers and because the head’s forgiveness made it the build that would “cooperate day in and day out the most consistently.” Different strokes for different folks, as they say.

That result made more sense once I understood how much L.A.B. now thinks about synergizing head materials and shaft materials in the same mechanical conversation. Vice President of Engineering Brian Parks explained that in a multi-material head—for instance, my DF3i’s aluminum body with a stainless-steel face insert—different materials create different sounds and sensations at impact. 

Scientifically, they model those frequencies and try to tune out the kinds of pitches that feel obtrusive. Subjectively, though, there is no universal answer: some players want a click, some want something duller and more muted, some want a more metallic note. The engineering can narrow the field, but preference still finishes the job. 

The shaft side is no less nerdy, or no less personal. Parks says the whole point of working with manufacturers on a growing shaft menu is “sound and feel,” with differences in composite density and stiffness changing how impact is transmitted. L.A.B. measures both frequency and deflection on 37” shafts: TPT sits at the stout, instant-feedback end of the spectrum, while ACCRA gives more visible deflection and a lower, softer sensation. 

GEARS lives in a particularly interesting middle ground. Its filament-wound construction was described to me during the fitting as the graphite shaft that most closely mimics steel, but Parks explained that its structure is more nuanced than that. It has a stiffer section up in the butt, then softens lower down, which gives it a feeling of stability while still letting the player sense the head and hear a more muted sound. In my case, 268 Hertz so good. Come on, baby …

That was useful context, because it meant the DF3i choice was not just about head shape. It was also about how that head’s insert and that shaft’s profile worked together for me. The insert version gave me a firmer, more energetic response than the softer all-aluminum on-rails DF 2.1 that spoke to me on my original visit but had recently felt too mushy, hence my ill-founded belief I was entering my competitive era. And the GEARS shaft kept that response from becoming overly sharp or overly demanding, which was the primary thing holding me back from the heavier, all-steel LINK.2. In terms even I could understand: enough pop, enough stability, not too much drama, which turns out to be the company’s story, too.

__________

What seems clearer a year later is that L.A.B. has not grown by hardening into dogma. It grows by staying flexible inside a rigid premise. Lie Angle Balance, eliminating torque to reduce the need for constant face management, remains the same. But the company keeps finding new ways to meet golfers where they actually are, not where tradition says they should be. Director of Player Development Liam Bedford tells me a story over dinner that perfectly illustrates this.

Pro Camilo Villegas wanted a setup L.A.B. did not really have at the time: a split-grip, counterbalanced-style build that would let him quiet his hands and keep the putter moving more like a single unit. So the company worked up a custom build: a MEZZ.1 Max with about one degree of shaft lean, a 74-degree lie, and a 17-inch grip. Bedford says it became “the first-ever counterbalance putter we built.”

More importantly, when Villegas needed a backup, Bedford says it was “the first time in [our] history that we got feedback that we were able to replicate a build” so precisely that the player “couldn’t tell the difference between the two of them.” This burgeoning confidence and machining prowess meant that what started as a specific tour-player solution could become a direct retail category you’ll find on the L.A.B. site today.

LAB Golf

That says something larger than one tour anecdote. L.A.B.’s evolution has involved learning how to turn one-off experimentation into repeatable customization, how to translate an individual golfer’s odd-seeming needs into something real, manufacturable, and eventually scalable. Even palatable, as the increasing acceptance of the original Direct Force putter and its offshoots has shown. 

Another professional’s name fits here, too. Adam Scott. Bedford described the development of what became the MEZZ.1 Max began after Scott wanted L.A.B. to explore a larger concept. Bedford and the team tinkered late into the evening, rebalanced the perimeter, and realized, in Bedford’s phrasing, “oh shit, this is good. This is better.” What stands out is how organic the process sounded: not a top-down product brief, but a player’s need becoming a real product because the right people were curious enough to follow it. As Martin puts it, that is simply “how we operate.” Somebody says something, it sparks an idea, and eventually that idea becomes something you can buy. [And, yes, it was reportedly Scott who introduced Villegas to the putter.]

This makes my own fitting feel less like a separate consumer experience than part of the same company logic. Tour players helped push L.A.B. into new categories. Admittedly, I’m not doing anything so consequential, but I went through a similar basic process: arriving with a set of assumptions, preferences, and self-descriptions, then watching the evidence quietly reassemble them into a custom product.

__________

A year ago, I was fascinated by how L.A.B. putters seemed to reduce micro-adjustments. This time, what struck me was how the company’s expanded fitting process reduced self-mythology. Before, I knew nothing. This time, I thought I knew something. Both times, I learned there was more to know. Fitting politely told me something I sensed deep down: my taste-led instincts could actually benefit from some real problem-solving. At the end of the day, every L.A.B. putter stays square, but with a little effort, you can find the one that squares with playing style and personal style.

That lesson lines up neatly with how Hahn described L.A.B. itself at this moment. Speaking about his own swing changes and the company’s evolution, he says you eventually end up with an identity that reflects accumulated choices, habits, and limitations until those no longer fit the present version of you. Then the challenge is whether to become “a frustrated, middle-aged guy who talks about how good he used to be” or to “accommodate my new self.” 

L.A.B., Hahn says, is facing the same thing: “Chapter two has to look different. Our body’s changing. The goals are changing, the processes are changing. The audience is changing, and we need to change with that.”  

A year ago, my trip to L.A.B. taught me that odd-looking equipment can become intuitive once you stop fighting it. This year, it taught me something slightly more annoying and therefore probably more valuable about how I should stop fighting myself. Improvement is not always about becoming more like the golfer you imagine yourself to be. Sometimes it is about accepting the golfer the numbers have already identified.

I went in expecting to choose on taste and leave with something sleek, blade-adjacent, and flattering to an aspiring flagstick artist’s sensibilities. Instead, an indoor green, walls of options, and a lot of patient evidence pushed me less fantasy, more fit. Less Patek Philippe, more Gimmie Getter. Less projection, more cooperation. Less me as I’d like to be seen, more me as I’d like to actually putt. Eventually becoming the me that drained it rather than duffed it. 

Which, if I’m being honest, is the most L.A.B. Golf lesson imaginable …

… but don’t worry: numbers may have chosen the DF3i, but I chose it in purple, with skulls etched on the sole, a memento mori reminding me to embrace a little weirdness every day.

The post A year later, L.A.B. Golf’s weird science got bigger … and more personal appeared first on Popular Science.

Appalti BIM in forte crescita e l’IA guadagna spazio nel settore - Edilportale

10/04/2026 - Nel 2025 gli appalti BIM arrivano a 638, raggiungono 1,496 miliardi di euro e segnano un aumento del 80,7% in numero rispetto al 2024, mentre l’intelligenza artificiale si consolida nel percorso di digitalizzazione delle costruzioni. Il 9° Report OICE sulla digitalizzazione fotografa una decisa accelerazione del mercato pubblico: le gare BIM per servizi di architettura e ingegneria aumentano anche sul piano economico, con un +151,1% in valore. La loro incidenza sale così al 27% del totale dei bandi SAI e al 56,5% del valore complessivo. La crescita si concentra soprattutto negli affidamenti sopra soglia UE, che rappresentano il 91,5% delle procedure rilevate. Aumenta anche la presenza del capitolato informativo, che compare nel...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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Balconi e vista in appiombo, il regolamento condominiale può derogare alla legge? - Edilportale

10/04/2026 - Tra le liti condominiali che degenerano in contenzioso, quelle che ruotano attorno ai balconi, alle verande, ai pergolati, ai volumi tecnici, alle schermature e alle installazioni poste sui terrazzi o nelle immediate adiacenze delle aperture altrui sono tra le più frequenti.   La ragione è intuitiva: quando si discute di vedute, non si discute soltanto di distanze. Si discute di aria, luce, affaccio, godimento del bene, riservatezza, qualità dell’abitare e, non di rado, valore economico dell’unità immobiliare.   Dentro questo scenario, ci si pone la domanda: il regolamento condominiale può derogare alla disciplina codicistica che tutela la veduta in appiombo? Il punto va affrontato subito senza infingimenti: non ogni regolamento può farlo, e soprattutto non basta la generica esistenza di un regola...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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09 Apr 2026

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Proto-mammals laid eggs, paleontologists finally confirm - Popular Science

Every mammal gives birth to live young, except for a handful of egg-laying monotremes like the platypus. But did the earliest ancestors of mammals also reproduce through eggs? It’s a question that’s stumped evolutionary biologists for decades, but researchers finally have a definitive answer. Published on April 9 in the journal PLOS One, their findings rely on a 250-million-year-old fossilized egg, sophisticated technological advances, and a lot of patience.

Paleontologists discovered the specimen in question almost 17 years ago during an excavation in South Africa’s Karoo Basin. The arid region located over 200 miles northeast of Cape Town is particularly well known for its vast troves of ancient fossils.

“My preparator and exceptional fossil finder, John Nyaphuli, identified a small nodule that at first revealed only tiny flecks of bone. As he carefully prepared the specimen, it became clear that it was a perfectly curled-up Lystrosaurus hatchling,” University of the Witwatersrand paleobiologist Jennifer Botha said in a statement

The fossilized egg photographed in the control room of the ESRF in France. Credit: Julien Benoit

Lystrosaurus was a pivotal species in the evolutionary journey of mammals. The herbivores arrived on the planet during the aftermath of the End-Permian Mass Extinction about 252 million years ago. Likely caused by volcanic eruptions in present-day Siberia, the End-Permian cataclysm eventually wiped out around 57 percent of all biological life, including 70 percent of terrestrial vertebrates. Lystrosaurus managed to thrive despite the era’s volatile climate, warm temperatures, and frequent droughts. Although Botha and her colleagues suspected their discovery showcased the remains of a hatchling inside its shell, the required imaging technology to assess their theory did not exist in 2008.

Within a few years, however, the development of advanced synchrotron X-ray CT scanning allowed a path forward. Botha brought the fossil to the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in France, where collaborators could finally examine it under the proper conditions. Only then could they identify a key piece of evidence—an incomplete mandibular symphysis. This section of lower jaw is crucial for an animal to eat, but only after its two halves fuse during gestation.

“I was genuinely excited,” recalled University of Witwatersrand paleobiologist Julien Benoit. “The fact that this fusion had not yet occurred shows that the individual would have been incapable of feeding itself.”

This means their Lystrosaurus wasn’t fully developed when it died, and its positioning could only mean one thing: it was still inside an egg. More specifically, the team believes Lystrosaurus laid soft-shelled eggs, which explains why fossilized evidence is so difficult to find.

A 3D reconstruction of the skeleton. Credit: Julien Benoit

Although small, the egg is large compared to the mammal ancestor’s body size. Today, larger eggs usually contain more yolk, which include all the nutrients needed for an embryo to develop without a parent feeding it. The bigger eggs are also much more resistant to drying—a vital strength during the harsh climate following the extinction event. Taken altogether, it appears that Lystrosaurus was already highly developed when it hatched. This made them able to evade predators, take care of themselves, and quickly begin reproducing.

Beyond filling in a major gap in mammalian evolution, Lystrosaurus can help biologists understand how species might continue to adapt to an increasingly chaotic ecosystem.

“This work is highly impactful because it offers a deep-time perspective on resilience and adaptability in the face of rapid climate change and ecological crisis,” said Benoit, adding, “This discovery [is] not just a breakthrough in paleontology, but also highly relevant to current biodiversity and climate challenges.”

The post Proto-mammals laid eggs, paleontologists finally confirm appeared first on Popular Science.

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Save up to 30% on portable power banks, charging bricks, cables, and other essential accessories during INIU’s spring sale - Popular Science

Gadgets are worthless without power. Even the fanciest phone isn’t going to help (or entertain) you if the battery is dead. That’s why I consider portable power essential. Right now, INIU has its full range of portable chargers, GaN wall chargers, cables, wireless chargers, and car chargers, on sale for up to 30 percent off. On top of the product-specific deals, the site is automatically stacking tiered cart discounts at checkout: $5 off orders over $50, $10 off over $80, and $20 off over $100. No code needed for those. Browse the full INIU Spring Sale or read on for the best deals organized by category.

Editor’s picks INIU Cougar P63 100W Power Bank 25,000mAh — $66.99 (was $75.99, extra 20% off with code P63EXTRA20) Get 100W output in a surprisingly small package.

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If you need a power bank that can charge a laptop without bogging it down, the P63 is the one. It delivers 100W through a single USB-C port, enough to keep a MacBook, Steam Deck, or modern ultrabook moving at a solid clip. At 25,000mAh the capacity is serious enough to fully top off most laptops and still have plenty left for your phone. The site price is already down from $75.99 to $66.99, and applying code P63EXTRA20 takes another 20% off for a final price around $53.59. Add a $10 or $20 tiered cart discount on top if your order qualifies.

INIU A11 100W GaN Charger — $32.99 (was $45.10) Ditch the old brick you’ve been using forever.

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GaN chargers are smaller and run cooler than the brick that probably came with your laptop, and this one delivers 100W from a single USB-C port . No coupon code required here; it’s already marked down from $45 to $33. Pair it with any 100W-rated cable and you’ve got a single charger that covers nearly every USB-C device you own.

INIU Carry P512 Power Bank 20,000mAh 22.5W — $36.99 (30% off with code P512SPRING, ~$25.89 final) Get a lot of power for the price.

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Twenty thousand milliamp-hours is a lot of battery for this price point. The P512 is INIU’s slim high-capacity bank — charges at 22.5W and keeps the footprint small enough for a bag or backpack without taking over a pocket. Apply code P512SPRING at checkout for 30% off, dropping it from $36.99 to about $25.89. Orders over $80 or $100 qualify for the automatic tiered discount on top.

Power banks

From palm-sized pocket chargers to full laptop-capable banks. Browse the full portable charger collection.

Wall chargers

GaN wall chargers that replace bulky bricks with something you can actually travel with. Browse the full charger collection.

Cables

High-wattage USB-C cables and specialty connectors for every setup. Browse the full cables collection.

Wireless chargers

Qi2-certified magnetic wireless charging for desk, nightstand, and travel. Browse the full wireless charger collection.

Car chargers

Fast USB-C car chargers and a Qi2 magnetic mount for hands-free navigation. Browse the full car charger collection.

The post Save up to 30% on portable power banks, charging bricks, cables, and other essential accessories during INIU’s spring sale appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Even astronauts get constipated in space - Popular Science

Travel is notoriously hard on your digestion. Jet lag, dehydration, stress, and even slight disruptions to a regular meal schedule can result in unpleasant bathroom difficulties. But the next time you’re struggling with toilet troubles away from home, try to remember: At least you’re not dealing with it in outer space.

“I was thinking about how even on Earth, travel is one of the biggest constipation triggers,” Sarah Jane Bunger tells Popular Science. “[It’s] always going to make this perfect storm of constipation while on Earth. So it’s only going to be more and more exacerbated once you go outside Earth.”

It’s Bunger’s job to think about these things. She’s the global research and development lead for Dulcolax, where she oversees anything and everything tied to new formulas and clinical activities for the laxative and stool softener. But even after more than 13 years in the business, she was honored to learn the medication was available to a new demographic: the astronauts aboard Artemis II.

“We weren’t propositioned ahead of time. It was a lovely surprise for us that we were included,” she says of Dulcolax’s inclusion in NASA’s official Formulary and First Aid Kit.

Supplements like Dulcolax—specifically bisacodyl—are included on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medications, something keenly monitored by NASA’s medical team. At the same time, spacecraft cargo storage is always at a premium, so astronauts need meds that both get the job done and take up as little room as possible.

“I always think of the infamous example of sending a female astronaut up with, like, 100 tampons,” says Bunger, referring to Sally Ride’s historic first mission. “They want to make sure that they’re not overpacking, but that they have everything on hand that the astronauts might need to treat themselves while they’re up there.”

Bunger explains that constipation can be particularly troublesome for astronauts during the first few days in space while their bodies adjust. Eating is predictably difficult in space, although not necessarily for the reasons you think. Zero gravity makes digestion harder on an astronaut’s body because their organs and musculature must work in conditions they’re not evolved to handle. Bunger likens the digestive tract to an elastic material like leggings. While peristalsis—a muscle’s ability to contract and produce wavelike motions—helps move an object through the stretchy passageway, gravity is always lending a hand. Remove the earthbound physics altogether, and all that’s left is the peristalsis.

“That’s why they’re still able to swallow, even without the help of gravity. So there is some impact from the lack of gravity up there,” Bunger says.

Luckily, laxatives like Dulcolax are engineered to work both on- and off-world. The medication aboard Artemis II is the same as the types found in grocery stores, and features a protective coating that guards it against corrosive stomach acid. This allows it to delay dissolving until it reaches the lower GI tract. Bisacodyl also works on contact, so it doesn’t need to be metabolized by the kidneys or liver.

As helpful as the laxatives may be during the Artemis II mission, Bunger hopes their inclusion in the first aid kit has wider ramifications for everyone, not only astronauts.

“Honestly, if I could pick a benefit coming out of this, it would be that it helps address the stigma [of constipation] for some consumers,” she says. “If even astronauts are dealing with this, then you shouldn’t feel bad about the fact that maybe your GI tract is a little bit off, too.”

While not on the official list of mission experiments, there is also the possibility of real scientific progress thanks to laxatives in space. Bunger points out that no one has yet to study the effects of taking them while traveling to the moon.

“I would settle for a stock report,” she suggests. “I don’t need to know who took it and I don’t need to know when. I just want to know that it was taken.”

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REEF celebrates 21 years of the iconic Fanning flip-flop with updated Spring/Summer styles - Popular Science

It’s only April, but we’re already prepping for pool season and bringing the beach chairs and beverage coolers down. And that means we’re also auditing our beat-up footwear, making it the perfect time for some new sandals. It just so happens that REEF knows a thing or two about warm-weather wear, and the Fanning, its most mischievous flip-flop with a built-in bottle opener on the bottom, turns 21 with new styles just in time for Spring/Summer 2026.

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The original Fanning earned its place by being more than a blank slab of rubber, and that’s why it still deserves a toast now that it’s legal. Developed and named for pro surfer Mick Fanning, it landed in 2005 with a more athletic stance and supportive upper than your average flip-hop. The new Fanning + is an even more plush expression of easygoing meets multisurface-ready. Wet decks, hot pavement, sandy shortcuts, lakehouse hangs … long afternoons between beach bar and boardwalk … there’s a Fanning for you.

REEFlex EVA, molded memory foam straps, shockpads, and an oversized translucent airbag heel in the case of the Fanning +, make each step in a Fanning cush, but not mush. The Fanning H20 takes underfoot ease and puts it in a fully molded and quick-dry style. While the Fanning H2O Slides are an even looser, slip-on silhouette. All the franchise keeps the post-surf party personality … and the bottle opener.

The updated Fanning line is now available for $40 to $90.

After you get off your feet, are you looking to quickly beat the heat? Dyson just announced its HushJet Mini Cool fan, a 7.5-ounce portable model that squeezes a 65,000-RPM brushless motor and up to 25 m/s (55 mph) airflow into something slim enough to wear, plop by the deck chair, or prop on a table. Dyson’s HushJet nozzle cuts turbulence and tamps down the high-pitched whine, so the air feels sharp and clean instead of all buzz and bluster. With five speeds, a Boost mode, and up to six hours of runtime on a full USB-C charge, this $99 invigorating accessory seems built for the sticky stretch between poolside, BBQ, and couch.

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The 5 hot sauces aboard Artemis II are kinda weak - Popular Science

In March, NASA released a broad overview of the Artemis II mission menu accompanying astronauts on their historic, 10-day lunar flyby mission. The rundown was relatively comprehensive, but it lacked a crucial bit of information: Which specific five hot sauces have now traveled farther than any other condiment in human history?

After much anticipation, answers have finally arrived. Speaking with Axios, Johnson Space Center public affairs specialist Victoria Segovia confirmed the astronauts brought along Tabasco, Cholulu, Frank’s RedHot, Heinz Hot Taco Sauce, and Sriracha.

At the risk of sounding biased, the list isn’t exactly the spiciest of revelations. In terms of Scoville rating (the widely utilized hotness assessment based on capsaicinoid levels), the most mouth-burning sauce aboard Artemis II is Cholula with around 3,600 Scoville Heat Units (SHUs). The aficionados at PepperGeek.com deem this a “respectable heat” with a “decent bite,” but that’s about it. Second place is a tossup between Tabasco and Sriracha, each possessing around 2,500 SHUs. Meanwhile, Frank’s RedHot sits in last place with 450 SHUs.

This isn’t a knock on any of the hot sauces’ flavors, of course. If anything, their inclusion speaks to their appeal. Eating is difficult in space, although not necessarily for the reasons you think. Many astronauts have reported odd sensory shifts while traveling beyond Earth. Former NASA astronaut Douglas Wheelan once recalled that strawberries tasted sickeningly sweet and green beans had a grassy flavor during his 178-day tenure aboard the International Space Station.

Others have reported food simply tasting blander. This is largely due to how bodily fluids behave and realign in microgravity, which frequently causes swelling in the nasal passages. Much like having a cold, the subsequent congestion can then block odor molecules from reaching olfactory receptors. Knowing all this, astronauts routinely pack condiments to alleviate at least some of the mealtime weirdness. The hot sauces on the Artemis II mission probably won’t destroy anyone’s tastebuds, but that’s totally fine. Simply being in outer space does a decent job of that on its own.

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Samsung Galaxy phones now support Apple AirDrop. Here’s how it works. - Popular Science

For many years, iPhones and Android devices didn’t play nicely together. Sure, you can get files and data swapped between platforms, but it hasn’t been easy. Plus, you’d typically need to rely on a third-party tool to do the job rather than anything from Apple or Google.

That’s starting to change. For example, Apple Messages and Google Messages both currently support the RCS standard, and at long last, Android smartphones can also use Apple’s AirDrop standard.

AirDrop is a protocol built into iPhones, iPads, and Macs that lets you quickly transfer anything shareable—a picture, a contact, a web link—over to another Apple device. It’s really simple, and it just works.

Look out for this message on your Galaxy phone. Screenshot: Samsung

Last year Google announced that it was bringing AirDrop support to the newest Pixel 10 devices, and now Samsung has joined in as well. It means sharing something from an Android device to an Apple device should be as straightforward as it’s previously been for Apple-to-Apple transfers.

The usual AirDrop protections remain in place: You can always accept or reject incoming AirDrop transfers, and you have options to keep your devices invisible and unavailable to certain AirDrops.

You might also not see this feature right away. Google has now pushed out AirDrop support to both Pixel 9 and Pixel 10 series phones, while Samsung says availability is gradually expanding outside of South Korea and the newest Galaxy S26 phones.

How to find AirDrop on Android

On compatible Galaxy and Pixel phones, AirDrop takes its place in the standard Quick Share panel for Android, which has long been used for file and data transfers. Reports suggest this is not reaching everyone at the same time, so if you can’t currently see the option, check again soon.

For Galaxy phones, open up Settings then tap Connected devices > Quick Share and make sure Share with Apple devices is enabled. Then, find something to share, and hit the Share button. In Google Photos, for example, you’ll see the button underneath an image or video when you open it up.

You can then tap Quick Share, and if the relevant update has rolled out to your phone, you should see nearby Apple devices listed. If not, check the AirDrop settings on the Apple device to make sure you’re allowed to connect—if it’s an iPhone, then you need to open Settings in iOS and tap General > AirDrop.

The Quick Share screen on a Samsung Galaxy phone. Screenshot: Samsung

The Apple device will show a pop-up message where the file transfer can be accepted or blocked, and you’re done—the file will be saved to the relevant app (such as Photos) on the iPhone, iPad, or Mac.

To go the other way, swipe down with two fingers from the top of the screen on the Galaxy device, and pick Quick Share Contacts—this puts the device in receiving mode. You can then tap on the share buttons anywhere on iOS (they often look like an arrow on top of a square), and pick AirDrop to find your Galaxy. If it doesn’t show up, head to Connected Devices > Quick Share > Who can share with you to make the Samsung device visible.

It’s a similar process with Pixel devices: You get the Quick Share option whenever you try to share something on your phone, and can find AirDrop devices from there. To find the Quick Share configuration screen on a Pixel handset, open Settings and head to Connected devices > Connection preferences > Quick Share.

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It’s illegal to pump your own gas in New Jersey. But why? - Popular Science

I have a confession to make: In my late teens, my car ran out of gas along the Pennsylvania Turnpike. Rather than pump my own gas in PA, I’d been trying to make it across to neighboring New Jersey—a state that’s notoriously known for prohibiting self-service at gas stations—on an almost-empty tank. The truth is, I had no idea how to fill a tank on my own.

Since Oregon softened its laws back in 2023, New Jersey remains the only U.S. state in which drivers are not allowed to pump their own gas. Those of us from the Garden State often find the entire process of fueling up intimidating: so much so that we’re willing to run on fumes rather than work the pumps ourselves. My experience on the PA Turnpike was a learning one, for sure. But it left me with questions. 

In order to tackle some of those questions, we at Popular Science asked both Dr. Michael Jerrett, a professor at the Department of Environmental Health Sciences at UCLA, and Thomas Wright, a spokesperson for the New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, to weigh in on New Jersey’s unusual law and the science behind it. 

The origins of New Jersey’s ban on self-service

While the first dedicated, drive-in gas station opened in Missouri in 1905, it took until the 1970s for most states to switch over to self-service. They did so in part due to rising gas costs resulting from the 1973 energy crisis. Facing tight margins, gas stations realized they could lower their overhead by reducing staff and then pass that savings on to customers. In short, having patrons pump their own gas allowed gas stations to remain competitive.

To make the switch, these states had to modify their fire codes. This included installing emergency cut-off switches for all pump stations and heavily regulated latch-open nozzles (those notches that allow you to keep gas flowing without having to hold the nozzle yourself). 

Two states held out: New Jersey and Oregon, primarily due to laws they enacted during the mid-20th century citing safety concerns, such as high fire risks and health-safety hazards, including exposure to toxic fumes

New Jersey’s legislation prohibiting customers from pumping their own gas dates back to 1949. It’s known as the Retail Gasoline Dispensing Safety Act. Under New Jersey’s law, “trained attendants—rather than customers—handle the dispensing of fuel as they are required to know where emergency shutoffs are, recognize potentially unsafe conditions, and ensure that only approved containers are filled,” says Wright. 

New Jersey gasoline attendant posts a new price low of 15.50 cents per gallon in October 1951. Image: Contributor / Getty Images / Bettmann The health risks associated with pumping gas

While pumping gas is an act that most people (New Jerseyans excluded) do without thinking, there are health hazards associated with it. 

“Basically, gasoline vapors include benzene,” a colorless, sweet-smelling chemical that’s highly flammable, says Jerrett, “as well as other volatile organic compounds,” which are carbon-based chemicals that evaporate into the air at room temperature. 

These include toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene—all used to help improve a fuel’s efficiency and stability as well as an engine’s performance. All of these flammable, colorless liquids are considered neurotoxic, meaning being exposed to them in large doses can cause headaches, fatigue, and even more severe symptoms like death. 

But don’t get too worried, says Jerrett, since it’s the dose that makes the poison. Gas stations nationwide have gone to great lengths to limit our exposure to vapors at the pumps. “California, for example, uses rubber sealers around the nozzle for fueling,” says Jeffett. These prevent harmful gasoline vapors from escaping into the atmosphere during refueling, which protects not only the people at the gas tank but also the environment

Wright says that prohibiting self-service also helps with overall general safety measures. “When customers pump their own gas, it’s simply harder to enforce basic rules like turning off engines or not smoking.” 

Indeed, smoking or vaping both provide ignition sources that can be highly flammable at a gas station. It’s the same for vehicles that are left running. Turning off your car’s engine prevents heat from the vehicle’s exhaust inadvertently igniting gasoline vapors. 

There’s also static electricity. This build-up of electrical charge (we’ve all felt that zap!) on the surface of an object often happens when you slide onto and off of your car seat. This can generate high-voltage sparks exceeding 1500 volts, which can easily spark a fire. 

The best ways to avoid a zap are to not get back into your vehicle while you’re filling up and to ground yourself (try touching a metal part of the car away from the nozzle) if you feel a static charge. 

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Limiting your own exposure 

For self-service patrons, there are things you can do to limit your exposure at the pump, says Jerrett. Avoid standing over the nozzle while filling your tank, or use the latch-open if it’s available and simply walk away. Higher wind speeds can disperse vapors more readily, so avoid pumping gas until the weather calms. 

While fires at gas stations do occur, roughly three-quarters of them result from mechanical or electrical malfunctions—not from pumping gas. In fact, only about four percent of them begin with gasoline igniting, so the chances of starting a fire at the gas station are extremely slim

Still, having a trained attendant pumped your gas is generally considered a safer option, since it reduces the risks of vehicles left running, static electricity, and consumers lighting up. It also keeps people who may be at higher risk for health complications—such as senior citizens and pregnant women—away from toxic fumes. 

The benefits of full-service 

In 2025, New Jersey had more than 1,900 gas stations and roughly 10,000 workers in the Auto & Watercraft Service Attendant category, which includes gas station attendants. “The law we’re tasked with enforcing prioritizes safety, accountability, and job creation,” says Wright. “Plus, the temperature is better in the car.”

Now, if they could just arrange a course in how to pump your own gas for those traveling out of state…

In Ask Us Anything, Popular Science answers your most outlandish, mind-burning questions, from the everyday things you’ve always wondered to the bizarre things you never thought to ask. Have something you’ve always wanted to know? Ask us.

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17 poignant images from the 2026 World Press Photo Contest - Popular Science

The 2026 World Press Photo Contest documents our fragility, resiliency, and the best and worst of humanity. More than 3,700 photojournalists and documentary photographers submitted 57,376 photographs for this year’s awards.

The winners include heartbreaking images of an elephant culling in Zimbabwe, a massive apartment fire in Hong Kong, and the devastating aftermath of drone attacks in Ukraine.

“When Giants Fall”
Professional hunters shoot a family of elephants identified for culling. Sango Wildlife Conservancy, Savé Valley Conservancy, Zimbabwe, 23 October 2025.
In 2025, the government of Zimbabwe authorized the culling (killing for the purpose of population control) of 50 elephants in the Savé Valley Conservancy. This decision followed a 2024 cull of 200. Authorities say the growing population has surpassed what the land can sustain, worsening human-wildlife conflict as drought drives elephants searching for food and water into closer contact with people. Wildlife organizations dispute claims of overpopulation and condemn culling. They have raised concerns including the fracturing of elephant social structures, and the trauma inflicted on surviving animals, which could increase aggression toward humans.
Credit: © Halden Krog, for Daily Mail

“This is a critical moment — for democracy, for truth, for the question of what we as a society are willing to see and call out and what we are willing to ignore,” global jury chair Kira Pollack said in a statement. “The photographers recognized here have done their part. They have made the record. Now it is our turn to look.”

“Farīsāt: Gunpowder’s Daughters”
Ghita Jhiate manages her unruly stallion. Long forbidden by her father to participate in Tbourida, she finally realized her dream of riding alongside pioneer Zahia Aboulait in 2025. Sidi Rahal, Morocco, 6 August 2025.
Tbourida is a UNESCO-recognized Moroccan equestrian tradition dating back to the 16th century. Troupes gallop in unison, firing rifles in a choreographed performance of cavalry warfare. Historically excluded, female riders have fought for inclusion since Morocco’s 2004 family code reforms strengthened women’s legal rights. Today, seven all-female troupes now ride among some 300. These farīsāt (horsewomen) bear significant personal costs, funding their own horses, costumes, and gunpowder permits. Their perseverance stands as a powerful claim to women’s rightful place in Moroccan cultural heritage.
Credit: © Chantal Pinzi, Panos Pictures

Visit World Press Photo for a full gallery of winners.

“Farīsāt: Gunpowder’s Daughters”
Noura attempts to control her horse after firing, the most dangerous part of the performance. Riders risk injury from gunpowder or falling and being trampled. Sidi Rahal, Morocco, 8 August 2025.
Tbourida is a UNESCO-recognized Moroccan equestrian tradition dating back to the 16th century. Troupes gallop in unison, firing rifles in a choreographed performance of cavalry warfare. Historically excluded, female riders have fought for inclusion since Morocco’s 2004 family code reforms strengthened women’s legal rights. Today, seven all-female troupes now ride among some 300. These farīsāt (horsewomen) bear significant personal costs, funding their own horses, costumes, and gunpowder permits. Their perseverance stands as a powerful claim to women’s rightful place in Moroccan cultural heritage.
Credit: © Chantal Pinzi, Panos Pictures “Moon Dust”
Amal holds an X-ray of her lungs. She moved to Moon Valley at three years old and developed asthma within months. Alexandria, Egypt, 31 January 2018.
More than 30,000 residents of Wadi El-Qamar, also known as Moon Valley, in western Alexandria, Egypt, live less than 15 meters from a cement factory that fills their homes with toxic dust. Children are born with asthma. Families suffer from lung disease and irreversible respiratory damage. In 2016, the photographer – who lives nearby and has asthma himself – began documenting their stories and ongoing legal battles.
Credit: © Mohamed Mahdy, Arab Documentary Photography Program “Moon Dust”
Ahmed (11), photographed with his father Saeed, was born with asthma and uses a ventilator three times a day. He plays goalkeeper in football as it requires less physical strain. Alexandria, Egypt, 31 January 2017.
More than 30,000 residents of Wadi El-Qamar, also known as Moon Valley, in western Alexandria, Egypt, live less than 15 meters from a cement factory that fills their homes with toxic dust. Children are born with asthma. Families suffer from lung disease and irreversible respiratory damage. In 2016, the photographer – who lives nearby and has asthma himself – began documenting their stories and ongoing legal battles.
Credit: © Mohamed Mahdy, Arab Documentary Photography Program “Mountain Resident of Wanglang”
A wild giant panda is captured by a camera trap in the Wanglang National Nature Reserve. Sichuan, China, 11 November 2025.
Recent population estimates suggest that fewer than 2,000 pandas remain in the wild, and only a few dozen individuals live within Wanglang National Nature Reserve’s 323-square-kilometer territory. This rare sighting was made possible through a pilot exchange program between the National Geographic Society and wildlife biologists, aimed at supporting wildlife monitoring efforts and fostering cross-cultural cooperation in conservation. Established in 1965, Wanglang is one of China’s oldest wild panda nature reserves and today serves as a key site for education and scientific research collaboration within the larger Giant Panda National Park system.
Credit: © Rob G. Green, National Geographic Society, Henry Luce Foundation “A Desperate Plea”
Mr Wong cries out in anguish as fire engulfs the Tai Po housing complex he calls home. Moments earlier, he phoned his wife, who was trapped in the building, and they exchanged what would be their final words. Hong Kong, 26 November 2025.
A massive fire at the Wang Fuk Court housing complex in Tai Po claimed 168 lives, becoming Hong Kong’s deadliest fire since 1948. While no official cause has been reported, investigations by Hong Kong authorities found that bamboo scaffolding, construction netting, and flammable Styrofoam boards on windows acted as accelerants for the fire, trapping residents inside. More than 2,000 firefighters were involved in rescue efforts, killing one and injuring twelve.
Credit: © Tyrone Siu, Reuters “Wedding in the Flood”
Bride Jamaica Aguilar prepares to enter the flooded Barasoain Church for her wedding. The Barasoain Church, a national landmark, is situated in a region where nearly 75% of the population is exposed to flooding hazards. Malolos, Bulacan province, Philippines, 22 July 2025.
When Typhoon Wipha hit the Philippines and flooded Barasoain Church, Jade Rick Verdillo and Jamaica Aguilar faced a difficult decision: should they cancel their wedding or proceed with the marriage? The couple carried on despite high waters, a testament to love and resilience in the face of severe weather. Located on a delta, Bulacan province is vulnerable to more frequent and extreme floods caused by aging drainage systems, dredging projects, overextraction of groundwater, and climate change.
Credit: © Aaron Favila, Associated Press “Scam Hub Under Siege”
Stranded workers at a makeshift shelter near the Moei River. Many workers had their documents and passports seized by the scam center bosses and could not cross the border into Thailand. Min Let Pan, Myanmar, 5 December 2025.
On 21 November 2025, the Karen National Liberation Army captured Shunda Park, a massive cyber-scam compound in Myanmar’s Karen State. As the country’s civil war intensifies, lawless border regions have become hubs for a lucrative online scam industry. Hundreds of thousands of people from around the world have been trafficked into Southeast Asia and forced into labor for these illegal enterprises. When rebel forces ousted the junta-allied militia guarding the park, thousands of workers from 30 nations were stranded in Myanmar.
Credit: © Jes Aznar, for The New York Times “The Last Dolphin Hunters”
Fanalei Island has been reduced to a narrow strip of sand and coral by rising seas. Residents believe the settlement, once home to dozens of families, will become uninhabitable in the near future. South Malaita, Solomon Islands, 6 February 2025.
Fanalei, a low-lying island in the Solomon Islands, stands at a crossroads between contested tradition and a changing economy. For generations, dolphin hunting provided food and income, with dolphin teeth used as ritual currency for bride-price and other forms of local exchange. Today, as rising sea levels displace the community and threaten its future, seaweed farming is providing an economic alternative to the seasonal hunt. As seaweed farming expands, fewer people are available for the collective efforts upon which dolphin hunting depends. This story captures a community reshaped by environmental pressure and shifting traditions.
Credit: © Matthew Abbott, Oculi, for The New York Times “Emma the Social Robot”
Waltraud talks with Emma, a social robot that recognizes faces and remembers past conversations. Though skeptical at first, Waltraud says she felt connected to Emma over time. Albershausen, Germany, 3 July 2025.
Germany’s care homes are facing two crises: staff shortages and loneliness. A 2023 study found that one in five residents aged 80 and older describe themselves as “severely lonely.” This reality has prompted trials of social robots like Emma, developed by a Munich-based startup. Waltraud, a resident of Haus im Wiesengrund in Albershausen, had her doubts but over time formed a bond with Emma. “When she tells her jokes, that’s really good. That’s my kind of humor,” says Waltraud, though she emphasizes that human contact is always preferable.
Credit: © Paula Hornickel “Polar Bear on Sperm Whale”
A female polar bear feeds on a sperm whale carcass in the polar pack ice north of the Norwegian archipelago, Svalbard. 82° North, International Waters, 8 July 2025.
Polar bears are primarily seal predators, but as ice retreats in the summer and hunting becomes harder, they increasingly rely on opportunistic scavenging. Near Svalbard, the ice-free season has lengthened by 20 weeks in the last 30 years. Sperm whales typically avoid ice-covered polar waters, so this carcass was a rare sight. Scientists speculate that after dying, the male sperm whale drifted north, carried by winds and currents. The photographer spent two days observing the scene from a small boat, capturing it by drone to reveal a scale difficult to grasp from sea level.
Credit: © Roie Galitz “Drone Wars”
Yulia Vasiakina embraces Kamelia, her 20-year-old horse, killed when Russian long-range drones struck their neighborhood and destroyed most of the surrounding city block. Odesa, Ukraine, 11 July 2025.
Ukraine’s battle against the Russian invasion is reshaping modern combat. Hobby drones are being repurposed into remote-controlled weapons, and mass-produced first-person-view (FPV) drones are piloted from kilometers away with deadly precision. These developments have triggered an unrelenting drone arms race and turned vast areas of Ukraine into “kill zones”. Civilians are targeted and displaced, and soldiers spend most of their time in underground bunkers or basements, unable to be resupplied or casualty-evacuated. This story documents Ukraine’s efforts to advance its drone capabilities, and the impact of Russian drone attacks on civilians.
Credit: © David Guttenfelder, The New York Times David Guttenfelder “Engla Louise”
An assistant helps Engla Louise drink through a straw. She previously had daily visits from nurses; now her care relies on a special arrangement involving healthcare services and the municipality. Linköping, Sweden, 2 May 2025.
Engla Louise, a former dancer, has lived with severe anorexia nervosa since she was ten years old. At 46, she weighs less than 25 kilograms and has been tube-fed since 2019. Researchers increasingly describe anorexia as a disease of both body and mind. Its causes – not fully understood – are thought to involve neurobiological, genetic, and environmental factors. After decades of treatment, Engla Louise is now considered therapy-resistant and receives palliative care at home. This project aims to broaden the discussion about care for people living with severe eating disorders.
Credit: © Sanna Sjöswärd, for Corren “Los Angeles on Fire”
A senior center resident evacuates as the Eaton Fire approaches. Wildfires release massive amounts of toxic particles and carbon monoxide, causing severe respiratory issues that linger for weeks. Altadena, California, United States, 7 January 2025.
In January 2025, severe drought and 100-mph (roughly 160-kph) Santa Ana winds fueled 14 devastating wildfires across Los Angeles, destroying over 18,000 buildings and displacing 200,000 residents. While officials reported 31 direct fatalities, public health studies estimate 440 excess deaths linked to toxic smoke and disrupted medical care. In the disaster’s aftermath, a stark wealth divide has defined recovery efforts, with lower-income residents facing displacement while wealthier communities leverage private resources to rebuild.
Credit: © Ethan Swope, for Associated Press “The Human Cost of Agrotoxins”
Former land applicator Alfredo Cerán shows his burned fingernails. After years of mixing chemical products without adequate protection, he developed non-alcoholic cirrhosis and underwent a liver transplant. Cordoba, Argentina, 23 September 2015.
In 1996, Argentina approved genetically modified, herbicide-resistant soybeans paired with glyphosate-based herbicides, a policy adopted without independent research. In three decades, pesticide use skyrocketed from 40 million to 580 million liters annually. Today, 60% of Argentina’s cultivated land is sprayed, affecting 14 million people. Despite independent studies linking exposure to increased risks of cancer and congenital malformations, regulations continue to loosen even as agrochemical usage moves closer to human settlements. This project documents the human cost of an economic model that prioritizes agro-industrial profit over the lives of its rural citizens.
Credit: © Pablo E. Piovano, Manuel Rivera-Ortiz Foundation, Philip Jones Griffiths Foundation, Lawen

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Adeguamento antincendio scuole, il decreto definisce tempi e adempimenti - Edilportale

09/04/2026 - Prima SCIA antincendio entro 9 mesi, interventi conclusi entro il 31 dicembre 2027. Il decreto 31 marzo 2026, pubblicato nella Gazzetta Ufficiale n.81 dell’8 aprile, e in vigore da oggi, definisce il nuovo percorso di adeguamento per gli edifici scolastici e i locali adibiti a scuola che devono ancora completare il recepimento della normativa di prevenzione incendi. Il provvedimento coinvolge direttamente scuole ed enti proprietari e organizza gli adempimenti in due fasi: la prima richiede il raggiungimento di una soglia minima di sicurezza da certificare con SCIA; la seconda porta al completamento degli interventi entro la fine del 2027. Il testo si inserisce nel quadro della proroga già prevista per scuole, università e istituzioni AFAM, mentre le...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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Regolarità fiscale, come controllare i debiti rilevanti per le gare - Edilportale

08/04/2026 - Verificare in anticipo la regolarità fiscale rilevante ai fini delle gare pubbliche, individuare i debiti che incidono sulla soglia di 5.000 euro e attivarsi per tempo per sanare eventuali criticità. Il Vademecum, pubblicato da ANAC e realizzato da Agenzia delle Entrate e Agenzia delle Entrate-Riscossione, si rivolge agli operatori economici, alle imprese e ai professionisti tenuti a presentare dichiarazioni nelle procedure di gara e nelle qualificazioni. La guida offre indicazioni pratiche per leggere correttamente la propria posizione debitoria, riconoscere le situazioni che assumono rilievo ai fini del Codice dei contratti pubblici e attivarsi in tempo utile per la regolarizzazione.   A cosa serve il Vademecum sulla regolarità fiscale Il documen...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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Artemis II astronaut Christina Koch: ‘Looking back at Earth…it truly emphasized how alike we are’ - Popular Science

Christina Koch made history this week, becoming the first woman to travel around the moon. The NASA astronaut’s lunar flyby wasn’t her first groundbreaking moment: Koch also holds the record for the longest single spaceflight by a woman and took part in the first all-female spacewalk.

Despite being a seasoned space explorer, the impact of seeing Earth as a small dot in vast blackness still astonishes Koch. In a post shared by NASA on Instagram, Koch poignantly reflected on the Artemis II mission:

The thing that changed for me, looking back at Earth, was that I found myself noticing not only the beauty of Earth, but how much blackness there was around it and how it just made it even more special. It truly emphasized how alike we are, how the same thing keeps every single person on planet Earth alive. We evolved on the same planet, and we have some shared things about how we love and live that are just universal. And the specialness and preciousness of that really is emphasized when you notice how much else there is around it.

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Koch, along with the rest of the Artemis II crew, return to Earth on April 10.

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08 Apr 2026

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Two supermassive black holes are on a collision course - Popular Science

Supermassive black holes literally don’t add up. Astrophysicists know it takes more time than is mathematically possible for one of them to reach its incomprehensible proportions via standard gas accretion. Despite this, they are clearly observable at the center of nearly every large galaxy. So how do they get so big?

The likeliest explanation is that supermassive black holes attain their size when two smaller black holes smack into one another during a galactic collision. For years, this theory has remained simply that—a theory. However, evidence from a team at Germany’s Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy now offers the first clear look at a pair of supermassive black holes at the heart of a distant galaxy. As they explain in a study published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, the duo is racing towards a head-on collision.

Markarian 501 (Mrk 501) is an elliptical galaxy located in the Hercules constellation, and the site of the breakthrough. Researchers recorded a spectrum of radio frequencies during dozens of observations over 23 years. Like many other galaxies, Mrk 501 features a jet of supercharged particles ejected from a black hole at nearly the speed of light. Mrk 501’s jet is particularly bright because it points towards Earth, making it easy to study.

Researchers started noticing something peculiar over the years of observational data. Although oriented in a different direction, it became increasingly clear that there wasn’t one, but two jets emitted from the heart of Mrk 501. In a matter of weeks, astronomers tracked the second jet as it started behind the first one, then proceeded to move counterclockwise around it. In June 2022, the radiation appeared so crooked that it looked almost circular—a situation known as an Einstein ring. The researchers believe the likeliest explanation for this was that the system was briefly, perfectly aligned towards Earth. During that time, gravitational lensing from the first black hole bent the second jet’s light behind it.

The graphical depiction shows the central region of the galaxy Mrk 501 at a frequency of 43 gigahertz on three different days. The contours indicate the intensity of the emission, while the grey circles mark bright regions within the jet, identified through model calculations. One can track the movement of the jets by following the movement of these regions. The previously known jet (Jet 1, orange guide line) pointing towards Earth is clearly visible. The newly discovered second jet (Jet 2, blue) changed its appearance within a few weeks. Both particle streams originate close to each other in the core of the galaxy. The position of the black hole (BH) associated with Jet 1 is marked with an arrow. Credit: Silke Britzen

“We searched for it for so long, and then it came as a complete surprise that we could not only see a second jet, but even track its movement,” study coauthor and astronomer Silke Britzen said in a statement.

After multiple repeating brightness cycles, Britzen and colleagues estimated the black holes orbit each other once every 121 days. The distance between them is 250–540 times farther than Earth’s distance to the sun. That may sound like a lengthy separation, but it’s actually incredibly close for cosmic objects possessing masses anywhere between 100 million and 1 billion times that of our sun. They’re already so near one another that it’s possible they merge a century from now.

Unfortunately, no one will likely ever witness the actual grand finale. At more than 440 million light-years away from Earth, the two black holes are inseparable even when seen through astronomy’s most advanced tools. This will only become more difficult to see as they move closer to one another. That said, the dual jet emissions remain the strongest evidence so far that supermassive black holes grow by combining forces. If true, the pair should eventually start emitting extremely low-frequency gravitational waves that are detectable—providing even more evidence of the astounding meetup.

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Study: Google’s AI Overviews show millions of wrong answers every hour - Popular Science

Aside from the hallucinations, immense energy requirements, and potentially negative mental health effects, generative artificial intelligence still has an issue with accuracy. However, that hasn’t stopped major tech companies like Google from rolling out features like AI search summaries to its users. Most of the results seem fine at first glance and usually feature multiple source citations, but that doesn’t mean the product works perfectly.

A recent study reported by the New York Times found that Google’s “AI Overview” offers correct and reputably sourced summaries 9 out of 10 times. But while 90 percent sounds like a passing grade, the failure rate adds up in a matter of minutes. Given that the company will process over five trillion searches in 2026, the ensuing math means AI Overview is churning out tens of millions of questionable answers each hour. That’s hundreds of thousands of errors every minute.

What’s more, it’s difficult to truly assess AI Overview’s accuracy. An initially wrong response to a search query may transform into a correct summation when a user repeats the search a second time, making it basically impossible to anticipate. Google’s decision to place the AI Overview tab at the top of most search result pages also means more people see it and can assume its reliability.

Part of the issue relates to the specific sites treated as sources. The study’s authors at the open-source AI company Oumi found that Facebook and Reddit were the second- and fourth-most-cited references for AI Overview. Accurate answers cited Facebook 5 percent of the time, while inaccurate responses cited the social media site 7 percent of the time. In other cases, AI Overview seems to misstate a reliable source when giving a wrong answer.

Then there is the problem of bad actors. Anyone who understands these bugs in the system can potentially game AI Overview into giving inaccurate statements. Hypothetically, a person could author a series of blog posts asserting flat-out wrong historical information, then artificially boost traffic to their website. Google’s AI Overview may include the site in its source-scouring, fail to flag its inaccuracies, then generate a wrong answer.

“Our Search AI features are built on the same ranking and safety protections that block the overwhelming majority of spam from appearing in our results,” Google spokesperson Ned Adriance told the NYT. “Most of these examples are unrealistic searches that people wouldn’t actually do.”

At the very least, it’s important to view tools like AI Overview with a heavy dose of skepticism for the conceivable future. One faulty response in every 10 answers may not seem too serious, but think about how many search queries you have already made today. Studies also already indicate that overreliance on this type of tech may not be great for overall cognitive abilities. But if there is one thing you can trust, it’s AI Overview’s fine-print disclaimer:

“AI can make mistakes, so double-check responses.”

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Metal detectorist finds Viking Age gold coin that might upend history - Popular Science

Less than a 30 minute drive from the University of Cambridge, a metal detectorist followed beeps to a remarkable treasure: a ninth century gold coin pendant. 

Now finding long-lost coins in the English countryside isn’t exactly unheard of. In 2025, another metal detectorist discovered a gold coin dating back to the Iron Age in East Yorkshire. Before that, a Viking silver cache was discovered in North Yorkshire.

But this newly discovered gold coin isn’t like the others. This coin might just rewrite history, at least a little bit.

What makes this coin a bit of a head scratcher is what it depicts: a bearded profile of Saint John the Baptist. Thanks to a Latin inscription, experts have no doubts the coin shows the Christian saint. But what experts don’t yet understand is why the Vikings, who had conquered the English kingdom of East Anglia (where the coin was found) and who weren’t Christians, minted or wore a coin with a Christian saint on it. Why would pagans want a coin with a Christian on it?

In an interview with BBC, numismatics expert Simon Coupland compared the coin to “a child trying to fit a hexagonal object into a square hole.” The coin just doesn’t fit into history the way it should, which suggests we may have some of the history wrong. 

Maybe pagan Vikings liked wearing pendants showing Christian saints as a way to assimilate into East Anglia’s largely Christian population? Or maybe a Christian East Anglian wore the pendant? Or maybe a Christian Viking wore the pendant, even though most historians believed the invading Danes were pagan, not Christian?

And just like that, one small gold coin can upend history—rewriting England’s cultural landscape during the island’s perilous ninth century. 

Limestone relief of John the Baptist from Zakynthos, Byzantine and Christian Museum, Greece. Image: Public Domain

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What to do if you find a baby opossum  - Popular Science

Spring has finally arrived in the northern hemisphere, sweeping winter away with flowers, outdoor activities, and cute babies. While it’s safe to assume that human younglings will be outside in higher numbers, of course we’re talking about baby animals. In the springtime it’s not unusual to find babies such as chicks and squirrels separated from their mothers, but the protocol for what to do about it depends on the species—and the females’ motherly instinct. 

In the case of opossum mothers, that instinct is comically low. If given the opportunity, squirrel and raccoon mothers will take their babies back—but these marsupial mothers are less forgiving. 

“With possums, we generally say that reuniting is not possible, because mom generally has just kept going,” Priya Patel, wildlife veterinarian at Massachusetts’ New England Wildlife Center, tells Popular Science. It’s worth clarifying that while possums and opossums are sometimes used interchangeably, they are technically two different animals, and here we’re talking about Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana), North America’s only native marsupial.

Opossum babies weigh just 0.13 to 0.16 grams at birth. The newborns immediately move into the mother’s pouch, where they attach to her nipples and are quite literally stuck for 55 to 60 days, after which they re-emerge into the world. 

An opossum is seen protecting her baby after being discovered on a patio in Los Angeles. While seemingly fierce, opossums typically do not carry rabies and eat more than 90 percent of the ticks they encounter. Image: VALERIE MACON/AFP via Getty Images VALERIE MACON

“The most common period we have people calling us about baby possums is generally about right before they’re two months old, when they’re starting to come out of the pouch and attach onto mom,” Patel explains. That’s when “you see all those pictures of them clinging onto her as she’s moving around, and they’re starting the weaning phase at that point and starting to explore, but they fall off of her and she doesn’t typically wait for them.”

In mom’s defense, opossum babies don’t have the clearest call for help—they make sneezing sounds. If she’s nearby, she might pause to take them back, but Patel has only heard of one potential case of a mother looking for her lost babies. 

As such, you should call a licensed wildlife rehabber or wildlife hospital if you come across one or more opossum babies on their own. In the meantime, don’t try to feed them—baby animals have a particular diet, and it could upset their gastrointestinal system, Patel explains. 

You might not always be asked to bring the animal in for care. If the individual is around 10 inches long not including the tail, it’s usually grown enough to be independent.

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513 humpback whales gather at massive Caribbean breeding ground - Popular Science

The humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is widely seen as a model success story for wildlife conservation. Prior to the 1986 global ban on commercial whaling, marine biologists estimated only around 10,000 of the marine animals still existed around the world. Today, more than 135,000 of them swim in Earth’s oceans.

This steadily increasing population is a testament to both human environmental stewardship as well as the humpback whale’s own adaptability and intelligence. But even scientists aboard the superyacht-turned-research vessel M/Y Solace were surprised at the sheer number of whales during a recent excursion in the Caribbean. Speaking with Popular Science, the EYOS Expeditions team confirmed that Navidad Bank, a shallow underwater coral formation around 62 miles off the coast of the Dominican Republic, is one of the world’s most densely populated humpback whale breeding grounds.

“This is an extraordinary testament to the power of long-term marine conservation,” Jonathan Delance, Chief Conservation Officer for the Dominican Republic Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, said in a statement. “Decades of conservation have allowed humpback whales to thrive in Dominican waters, and the density documented at Navidad Bank underscores the global importance of creating a sanctuary for our treasured marine life.”

Depending on their location, humpback whales typically spend much of the year in colder waters closer to the poles, where they feed on abundant sources of krill. As ocean temperatures warm, they instinctually migrate towards breeding grounds around the world, including areas of the Caribbean. Female whales typically gestate for about 11.5 months and usually give birth to a single calf, who then spends around a year with their mother before setting out on their own.

Pregnant humpback whales will typically gestate for 11-12 months before giving birth. Credit: Caribbean Cetacean Society

Orchestrated in collaboration with the Dominican Republic government and the Caribbean Cetacean Society, the visit to Navidad Bank from scientists with Fundación Puntacana and Fundación Dominicana de Estudios Marinos/FUNDEMAR captured incredible footage and images of North Atlantic humpback whales as they traveled amid their winter nursery. The observations culminated with a total of 513 whale sightings in a single day. According to the team, the event is even more incredible knowing that the whales were congregating far before the peak migration period usually spanning March and April.

“We have seen a profound shift toward travel that yields a sense of purpose through genuine exploration,” added EYOS Explorations co-founder Rob McCallum. “Our guests are increasingly…investing their resources into moments that contribute to our understanding of the natural world.”

The full findings will be presented to the International Whaling Commission in the hopes of further emphasizing Navidad Bank’s integral role in helping some of the ocean’s largest and most fascinating animals thrive.

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16 inspiring Artemis II photos that’ll make you feel like a tiny Earthling - Popular Science

The Artemis II mission has re-inspired our collective fascination with space. We’ve gazed on our home planet in a way unseen in decades and caught a glimpse of a part of the moon never seen by human eyes. The historic lunar flyby also sent humans farther from Earth than ever before.

Thanks to stellar camera work by the mission’s crew—Commander Reid Wiseman, pilot Victor Glover, and NASA mission specialist Christina Koch, and CSA mission specialist Jeremy Hansen—those of us left down here can feel like we’re along for the ride.

Captured by the Artemis II crew during their lunar flyby on April 6, 2026, this image shows the Moon fully eclipsing the Sun. From the crew’s perspective, the Moon appears large enough to completely block the Sun, creating nearly 54 minutes of totality and extending the view far beyond what is possible from Earth. The corona forms a glowing halo around the dark lunar disk, revealing details of the Sun’s outer atmosphere typically hidden by its brightness. Also visible are stars, typically too faint to see when imaging the Moon, but with the Moon in darkness stars are readily imaged. This unique vantage point provides both a striking visual and a valuable opportunity for astronauts to document and describe the corona during humanity’s return to deep space. The faint glow of the nearside of the Moon is visible in this image, having been illuminated by light reflected off the Earth.
Image and caption: NASA

Capturing these beautiful and unprecedented photographs wasn’t a fluke. The NASA and CSA astronauts worked with Rochester Institute of Technology alumni Katrina Willoughby and Paul Reichert at the Johnson Space Center in Houston to up their photography skills in preparation for Artemis II.

“Most people can use a camera and get a photo that is good enough, but good enough isn’t what we’re after scientifically,” Willoughby, a graduate of RIT’s imaging and photographic technology program, said. We’re really teaching the astronauts how to go beyond the basics. Being able to understand how to use the equipment, and what the options are, gives us a lot more capability.”

[Related: Why you can’t see space junk in Artemis II photos]

The pair spent two years working with the crew and designed training modules to emulate the challenges of photographing in space. The astronauts learned how to operate both commercially available cameras (including iPhones), along with more advanced equipment and hardware.

A close-up view from the Orion spacecraft during the Artemis II crew’s lunar flyby on April 6, 2026, captures a total solar eclipse, with only part of the Moon visible in the frame as it fully obscures the Sun. Although the full lunar disk extends beyond the image, the Sun’s faint corona remains visible as a soft halo of light around the Moon’s edge. From this deep-space vantage point, the Moon appeared large enough to sustain nearly 54 minutes of totality, far longer than total solar eclipses typically seen from Earth. This cropped perspective emphasizes the scale of the alignment and reveals subtle structure in the corona during the rare, extended eclipse observed by the crew. The bright silver glint on the left edge of the image is the planet Venus. The round, dark gray feature visible along the Moon’s horizon between the 9 and 10 o’clock positions is Mare Crisium, a feature visible from Earth. We see faint lunar features because light reflected off of Earth provides a source of illumination.
Image and caption: NASA

While the photographs are absolutely awe-inspiring, they also hold importance for scientific study. Lunar and planetary scientists can use the images to better understand our moon and solar system. The Artemis II crew returns to Earth on April 10.

The Artemis II crew captures a portion of the Moon coming into view along the terminator – the boundary between lunar day and night – where low-angle sunlight casts long, dramatic shadows across the surface. This grazing light accentuates the Moon’s rugged topography, revealing craters, ridges, and basin structures in striking detail. Features along the terminator such as Jule Crater, Birkhoff Crater, Stebbins Crater, and surrounding highlands stand out. From this perspective, the interplay of light and shadow highlights the complexity of the lunar surface in ways not visible under full illumination. The image was captured about three hours into the crew’s lunar observation period, as they flew around the far side of the Moon on the sixth day of the mission.
Image and caption: NASA Earthset captured through the Orion spacecraft window at 6:41 p.m. EDT, April 6, 2026, during the Artemis II crew’s flyby of the Moon. A muted blue Earth with bright white clouds sets behind the cratered lunar surface. The dark portion of Earth is experiencing nighttime. On Earth’s day side, swirling clouds are visible over the Australia and Oceania region. In the foreground, Ohm crater has terraced edges and a flat floor interrupted by central peaks. Central peaks form in complex craters when the lunar surface, liquefied on impact, splashes upwards during the crater’s formation.
Image and caption: NASA Captured from the Orion spacecraft near the end of the Artemis II lunar flyby on April 6, this image shows the Sun beginning to peek out from behind the Moon as the eclipse transitions out of totality. Only a portion of the Moon is visible in frame, its curved edge revealing a bright sliver of sunlight returning after nearly an hour of darkness. In final moments of the eclipse observed by the crew, the reemerging light creates a sharp contrast against the Moon’s silhouette and reveals lunar topography not usually visible along the lunar limb. This fleeting phase captures the dynamic alignment of the Sun, Moon, and spacecraft as Orion continues its journey back from the far side of the Moon.
Image and caption: NASA The Moon seen peeking above the window sill of the Orion spacecraft during the Artemis II lunar flyby on April 6, 2026. The Artemis II crew spent about 7 hours at the Orion windows during the flyby, taking photos and recording observations on the Moon to share with scientists on the ground.
Image and caption: NASA A close-up view taken by the Artemis II crew of Vavilov Crater on the rim of the older and larger Hertzsprung basin. The right portion of the image shows the transition from smooth material within an inner ring of mountains to more rugged terrain around the rim. Vavilov and other craters and their ejecta are accentuated by long shadows at the terminator, the boundary between lunar day and night. The image was captured with a handheld camera at a focal length of 400 mm, as the crew flew around the far side of the Moon.
Image: NASA The lunar surface fills the frame in sharp detail, as seen during the Artemis II lunar flyby, while a distant Earth sets in the background. This image was captured at 6:41 p.m. EDT, on April 6, 2026, just three minutes before the Orion spacecraft and its crew went behind the Moon and lost contact with Earth for 40 minutes before emerging on the other side. In this image, the dark portion of Earth is experiencing nighttime, while on its day side, swirling clouds are visible over the Australia and Oceania region. In the foreground, Ohm crater shows terraced edges and a relatively flat floor marked by central peaks — formed when the surface rebounded upward during the impact that created the crater.
Image: NASA Astronaut Jeremy Hansen captures an image through the camera shroud covering window 2 of the Orion spacecraft. The camera shroud, essentially a curtain with a hole for the lens to pass through, is used to prevent light from the cabin from reflecting on the windowpanes.
Image and caption: NASA A shot from early in the Artemis II lunar flyby, taken with a smaller aperture setting, shows a moodier version of the Moon than some of the other flyby images with more typical lighting settings. The four crew members spent about 7 hours photographing and recording observations of the Moon as they flew around the far side on April 6, 2026.
Image and caption: NASA Artemis II Pilot Victor Glover, Commander Reid Wiseman, and Mission Specialist Jeremy Hansen prepare for their journey around the far side of the Moon by configuring their camera equipment shortly before beginning their lunar flyby observations.
Image and caption: NASA In this view of the Moon, the Artemis II crew captured an intricate snapshot of the rings of the Orientale basin, one of the Moon’s youngest and best-preserved large impact craters on his first shift during the lunar flyby observation period.
Image and caption: NASA NASA’s Orion spacecraft is pictured here from one of the cameras mounted on its solar array wings. At the time this photo was taken at 9:03 a.m. ET, the Artemis II crew was in a sleep period ahead of beginning their seventh day into the mission.
Image and caption: NASA CSA (Canadian Space Agency) astronaut and Artemis II Mission Specialist Jeremy Hansen is seen taking images through the Orion spacecraft window early in the Artemis II lunar flyby. Hansen and his fellow crewmates spent approximately seven hours taking turns at the Orion windows capturing science data to share with their team back on Earth.
Image and caption: NASA The Artemis II crew – (clockwise from left) Mission Specialist Christina Koch, Mission Specialist Jeremy Hansen, Commander Reid Wiseman, and Pilot Victor Glover – take time out for a group hug inside the Orion spacecraft on their way home. Following a swing around the far side of the Moon on April 6, 2026, the crew exited the lunar sphere of influence (the point at which the Moon’s gravity has a stronger pull on Orion than the Earth’s) on April 7, and are headed back to Earth for a splashdown in the Pacific Ocean on April 10. The crew was selected in April 2023, and have been training together for their mission for the past three years.
Image and caption: NASA

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Why did childhood summers feel endless? - Popular Science

Growing up, summers felt like they lasted forever—or close to it. It felt as though the season had no end, until the lure of a new backpack and crayons finally summoned us out of the pool. 

In adulthood, we’re all too aware of summer’s fleeting nature from the moment it begins. We anticipate our vacations. We guard our weekends. We complain about “Back To School” promotions that seem to start the day after school lets out.

It’s tempting to chalk this up to simple logistics—kids have the summers off. But teachers have summers off, too, and they’ll tell you that August hits like a freight train carrying a giant load of Mondays.

So, what happened? How does the season that once felt never-ending now seem to disappear before we’ve even found our sunscreen?

According to time perception researcher Dr. Marc Wittmann, the answer lies in the mechanics of memory, specifically which moments get stored and which ones slip away. 

The science behind the endless summer

When we look back on a period of time, our sense of how long it lasted comes down to how many moments we actually remember from it. Novel experiences—firsts, surprises, anything that catches the brain off guard—are the moments most likely to stick. In childhood, those moments are everywhere. Almost everything is happening for the first time.

“Everything seems new in childhood: the first ride on a pony, the first trip to the circus, the first vacation at the beach—everything is a first,” Wittmann, a research fellow at the Institute for Frontier Areas in Psychology and Mental Health in Freiburg, Germany, and author of Felt Time: The Psychology of How We Perceive Time, tells Popular Science. “So that causes us to store the memory as something special.”

As kids, almost every experience is a new experience, which helps solidify it in your memory. Image: J_art / Getty Images pluto_art_lab

In addition to how novel a summer feels to a child who has only experienced a handful of them, there’s the fact that a child’s brain is still developing. So not only is the child processing new experiences, but they’re processing them through a rapidly changing brain.

“Each year is a completely new year for a child and adolescent,” says Wittmann. “There are so many bodily and mental changes happening. Each year, the child is a new person.”

All those brain changes help cement new experiences into memory.

Why does time go so much more quickly as an adult?

One of the more commonly cited explanations for why childhood summers feel endless deals with simple proportions: a year at age five represents a fifth of your entire life, while a year at age 50 is merely a fiftieth.

Although Wittmann acknowledges the popularity of this theory, he questions whether an individual’s experience of time perception really lines up so neatly with the math.

“This is an easy calculation for us to do, and it’s so intuitively compelling,” he says. “But the question would be whether the mind and brain actually calculate lived time this way, and there is no evidence.”

What is happening, says Wittmann, is something both more human and complex. At some point, childhood ends. Development plateaus, the brain stabilizes, and the world stops feeling quite so new. We’ve seen summers before; we know how they go.

This is where time starts to accelerate, or at least, where it starts to feel that way in retrospect. With fewer novel experiences being stored, there’s simply less to look back on. The summers don’t disappear, exactly. They just leave less new memories behind.

How memory shifts as we age

But novelty is only part of the picture. Wittmann’s newer research points to an additional factor, one that surprised even him.

In a recent study accepted for publication in the journal Memory & Cognition, Wittmann and colleagues tracked memory and time perception across adults ranging in age from their 20s to their 90s. What they found was not what they expected: Older adults didn’t describe their memories as fainter or less vivid. If anything, the opposite was true. The memories they did retain felt richer and more emotionally resonant than those of younger adults.

What was declining was something far more subtle: the ability to encode the unremarkable moments of daily life. Wittmann attributes this to cognitive decline, a process that can begin as early as our thirties. 

“From 30 years on, we already have a slight decline, and then at 50 and 60 we decline even more, and, in very old age, we have a steep decline,” Wittmann says. “And this seems to correlate exactly with this feeling that the last ten years have passed so quickly.”

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Why do we even have baby teeth?

How you can make summers feel longer

The good news? We can still live our daily lives in ways that can slow the relentless tick of the clock, or at least make those seconds, minutes, and hours more memorable.

Wittmann recommends seeking out new experiences, new places, and new people where you can find them. Even the smallest shake-ups to your usual routine can make a difference. He also suggests staying physically active, keeping up your social connections, and challenging yourself mentally. These are the same habits, he notes, that help ward off cognitive decline in older age.

“The glue for memory”

However, Wittmann cautions against cramming one’s day planner with novel experiences as a means of seizing (and holding on to) the day. 

“Very often, people think they have to pack their Saturdays full of things to do,” he says. “But because you’re so focused on the timeline of items, time will pass quickly again. Instead, try living into your Saturday morning. Start the day without any plans. Be aware of how you feel, what you want to do, and stay open to whatever comes.”

The endless summers of childhood aren’t coming back, but that may be beside the point. What Wittmann’s research suggests is that we have more control over our experience of time than we might assume. We can seek out the new, maintain social bonds, and keep moving. We can learn to live into our Saturdays.

Ultimately, Wittmann suggests welcoming emotions into your life with—and if that feels like a tall order, start with your calendar. “Emotions are basically the glue for memory,” says Wittmann. “If something is very emotional, it will last your whole life.”

In Ask Us Anything, Popular Science answers your most outlandish, mind-burning questions, from the everyday things you’ve always wondered to the bizarre things you never thought to ask. Have something you’ve always wanted to know? Ask us.

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Efficienza energetica, nuova spinta a autoconsumo e accumulo - Edilportale

08/04/2026 - Contributi per impianti da fonti rinnovabili destinati all’autoconsumo, sistemi di accumulo, certificazioni tecniche e nuove risorse per il Fondo nazionale per l’efficienza energetica sono alcune delle misure presenti nel Decreto legge n. 42 del 3 aprile 2026. Il provvedimento, infatti, nato per affrontare il caro energia, interviene anche sulla transizione ecologica delle imprese, rafforzando il ruolo del GSE, il rispetto del principio DNSH e la centralità della riduzione documentata dei consumi energetici.   Incentivi per investimenti già comunicati al GSE Il Decreto-Legge 42/2026, entrato in vigore il 4 aprile 2026, interviene modificando le misure già collegate agli investimenti in innovazione, autoproduzione da fonti...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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Rigenerazione urbana con fondi Pnrr, Anac boccia una gara per servizi tecnici - Edilportale

08/04/2026 - Un progetto di rigenerazione urbana finanziato dal PNRR finisce sotto la lente di Anac per una serie di irregolarità ritenute gravi nella procedura di affidamento dei servizi di ingegneria e architettura.   Con la Delibera 106 del 24 marzo 2026, l’Autorità Nazionale Anticorruzione ha esaminato una gara europea aperta relativa alla direzione lavori e al coordinamento della sicurezza in fase di esecuzione, articolata in due lotti e aggiudicata con il criterio dell’offerta economicamente più vantaggiosa, con 90 punti riservati all’offerta tecnica e 10 a quella economica.   Secondo Anac, le criticità emerse incidono sul corretto svolgimento della procedura. Tra i rilievi principali figurano la ma...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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Casa stampata in 3D, guida alla tecnologia: materiali, costi e norme - Edilportale

08/04/2026 - La casa stampata in 3D è un edificio vero e proprio, realizzato attraverso tecnologie di stampa additiva che consentono di costruire strutture edilizie strato dopo strato. A sviluppare questa innovazione sono imprese e produttori, centri di ricerca, progettisti che, negli ultimi anni, hanno trasformato quella che inizialmente sembrava una visione futuristica in una soluzione costruttiva concreta. Dalle prime sperimentazioni a livello internazionale avviate nei primi anni 2000, la stampa 3D in edilizia oggi è un sistema costruttivo validato a tutti gli effetti. Non si parla più soltanto di prototipi, ma di costruzioni abitabili, capaci di rispondere agli standard richiesti all’edilizia tradizionale, i...Continua a leggere su Edilportale.com

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07 Apr 2026

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Flirty birds inflate throat pouch to attract a mate - Popular Science

From butt-loving baboons to peacocking spiders, animals boast an array of flirting techniques. Male frigatebirds attract potential mates by inflating a large, hairless, red throat pouch and shaking their wings like the DJ just started spinning “Yeah!” by Usher.

The US Fish and Wildlife Service recently shared a video of the horny avians in action:

Shot by USFWS volunteer Dan Rapp on the Midway Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, you can see the birds shrieking while expanding their 7- to 8-foot-long wings with enthusiasm. Frigatebirds mating displays occur in large groups, with up to 30 male birds gathering on treetops to catch the eye of females flying above. The female birds typically only mate every other because chick rearing can take 6-18 months, one of the longest durations amongst bird species.

Frigatebirds mate monogamously for the season and nest in colonies of up to 100 birds. Their mating performance is considered the most elaborate amongst seabirds.

The post Flirty birds inflate throat pouch to attract a mate appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Why you can’t see space junk in Artemis II photos - Popular Science

The Artemis II astronauts have completed their historic lunar flyby and taken the pictures to prove it. But as skygazers continue enjoying the images of both the moon and Earth, one question is making the rounds online: If there’s such a space junk problem orbiting our home planet, then why isn’t it visible in any of the newest photos?

It may sound like an odd question, but it’s somewhat understandable. After all, numerous astronomers and researchers continue to sound the alarm on the exponentially growing amount of trash encircling Earth at any given moment. Without any actionable solutions, there is an increasing worry about the possibility of initiating a “Kessler cascade.” In such a scenario, the amount of space junk becomes so ubiquitous that collisions are inevitable. Debris traveling at upwards of 17,500 miles per hour smacks into one another, creating even smaller pieces of trash that then increase the likelihood of similar events. All of that ensuing orbital junk could make it extremely difficult to launch new satellites into space, send astronauts on missions, and even protect Earth’s terrestrial residents.

If all that pollution is so concerning and prevalent, how hasn’t the Artemis II crew documented examples to point it out once they return home? Technically, there is a slight possibility that astronauts could snap a perfect photo pointing out low Earth orbit’s fragility. But when you consider the logistics, the likelihood of pulling off such an image is extremely low. The vast majority of space junk isn’t discernible to the naked eye—especially at the speeds both the junk and astronauts are traveling. Aside from the millions of centimeter-or-larger objects orbiting Earth, around 130 million smaller chunks waste from satellites and rocketry encircle the planet.

[Related: The Great Pacific Garbage Patch isn’t just a floating trash pile]

The altitude varies case-by-case, but the NASA Orbital Debris Program Office estimates the greatest concentration of space junk is floating between 466 and 621 miles above Earth. To put it simply, Artemis II’s astronauts were too busy focusing on the earliest minutes of their launch to take photos outside the Orion capsule’s windows. Within seconds, it became nearly impossible to take pictures of any discernible orbital debris, let alone entire satellites. Imagine taking a photo of a pebble on the highway from even 10 miles down the road. It would be that hard—and that’s before piloting a historic space mission.

This isn’t to say Artemis II hasn’t already had firsthand experience with space junk. The International Space Station often collides with tiny debris, but the habitable capsules’ engineering ensures it can withstand strikes from objects as large as one centimeter in diameter. The Orbital Debris Program Office also estimates encounters with anything larger is “slight” at best.\

The bottomline is this: Space is incomprehensibly vast, but even Earth’s dimensions are difficult to imagine. There is still a lot of wiggle-room for Artemis II and future NASA astronaut crews, especially with the aid of precise computing models and orbital tracking technology. Space junk is a serious problem—but it’s not something to make you worry about crew safety, much less doubt humanity’s latest trip around the moon.

The post Why you can’t see space junk in Artemis II photos appeared first on Popular Science.

Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

6 famous people with animals named in their honor - Popular Science

Sometimes it feels like the names of new species can come from just about anything—from regions to a supportive grandmother to a creature’s short butt. Certain people, however, have received more attention from the taxonomic community, inspiring the names of more than one previously undiscovered creature—much to one man’s joking chagrin. 

1. Stephen Colbert 

Famous comedian and television host Stephen Colbert has a number of creepy crawlies named after him, including the wasp Aleiodes Colberti, the trapdoor spider Aptostichus stephencolberti, and the diving beetle the Agaporomorphus colberti

“Last year, Stephen shamelessly asked the science community to name something cooler than a spider to honor him,” Arizona State University entomologist Quentin Wheeler, who was involved in the naming of the diving beetle, explained in a statement back in 2009. “His top choices were a giant ant or a laser lion. While those would be cool species to discover, our research involves beetles, and they are ‘way cooler’ than a spider any day.”

Botanical artist Lucy Smith (left) and Kew Gardens’ scientific and botanical research horticulturalist Carlos Magdalena (right) pose for photographs with the Victoria Boliviana, a new botanical discovery named in honor of Queen Victoria, at Kew Gardens on July 01, 2022 in London, England. Despite specimens sitting in Kew’s Herbarium for 177 years, the waterlily was identified as a previously unrecognized species. Image: Leon Neal / Staff / Getty Images 2. Queen Victoria

The famous British monarch doesn’t just have animal species named after her. She has a whole genus of giant waterlilies. Of course, the queen is also referenced in specific animal names, such as the large pigeon Goura victoria (Victoria crowned pigeon), and the Ornithoptera victoriae (Queen Victoria’s birdwing). 

3. Leonardo DiCaprio 

While some argue that there could have been room for Jack next to Rose at the end of the Titanic, Leonardo DiCaprio would have certainly drowned them all if he had climbed aboard with all the species named after him. The American actor inspired the names of the Cameroonian tree Uvariopsis dicaprio, the water beetle Grouvellinus leonardodicaprioi, and the frog Phyllonastes dicaprioi

4. Harrison Ford

Indiana Jones is terrified of snakes, so he probably wouldn’t be too happy to discover that in 2023 the slithering species Tachymenoides harrisonfordi was named in honor of actor Harrison Ford and his environmental advocacy, among other things. 

“These scientists keep naming critters after me, but it’s always the ones that terrify children. I don’t understand. I spend my free time cross-stitching. I sing lullabies to my basil plants, so they won’t fear the night,” Ford said in a statement. “In all seriousness, this discovery [of Tachymenoides harrisonfordi] is humbling. It’s a reminder that there’s still so much to learn about our wild world — and that humans are one small part of an impossibly vast biosphere.

The aforementioned critters include the spider Calponia harrisonfordi and the ant Pheidole harrisonfordi.

Arachnologist Norman Platnick first described this tiny spider in 1993 and named it after actor Harrison Ford as a thank you for his voice narration work on a documentary for the Natural History Museum in London. Image: Marshal Hedin / CC BY-SA 2.0 5. Barack Obama 

The former president has an entire Wikipedia page dedicated to things named after him, including an impressive number of organisms. There is the bee Lasioglossum obamai, the spider Spintharus barackobamai (which is in the same genus as Spintharus berniesandersi), and the waterbeetle Desmopachria barackobamai, among others. Like Queen Victoria, even Obama has a genus named after him, as seen in the (extinct) lizard Obamadon gracilis.

6. David Attenborough

Last but certainly not least, there are a whooping over 50 species that carry the name of broadcaster and naturalist David Attenborough (though we would argue there should be a few species named specifically after his voice, too). These include the bird Polioptila attenboroughi, the carnivorous plant Nepenthes attenboroughii, and the Bolivian lichen Malmidea attenboroughii

In Ask Us Anything, Popular Science answers your most outlandish, mind-burning questions, from the everyday things you’ve always wondered to the bizarre things you never thought to ask. Have something you’ve always wanted to know? Ask us.

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Awe-inspiring science reporting, technology news, and DIY projects. Skunks to space robots, primates to climates. That's Popular Science, 150 years strong.

Grab Amazon’s most popular telescope for just $96 while Artemis II orbits the moon - Popular Science

If the amazing images coming from Artemis II have you itching to look up into the sky, it’s time to grab a telescope. Amazon currently has the Gskyer 70mm refractor is down to $96.99 from $129.99. It’s a basic model, but it’s a solid starting point for beginners or an awesome affordable gift for someone with a budding curiosity about the cosmos. If you want to step up a bit, there are also a ton of Celestron scopes on sale for solid prices.

Gskyer 70mm Telescope $96.99 (was $129.99) amazon $129.99 $96.99 At under $100, this is a great place for a beginner to start.

Gskyer

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The Gskyer 70mm uses a 400mm focal length refractor design and offers the same fundamental optical design as telescopes that cost many times more. The 70mm objective lens gathers enough light to resolve the Moon in sharp detail as well as other celestial bodies. It comes with two eyepieces (25mm and 10mm), a 3x Barlow lens that effectively triples your magnification options, and a smartphone adapter so you can photograph what you see.

If you want a real upgrade, the Celestron StarSense Explorer DX 130AZ offers superior aperture, more resolution, and a smartphone-guided mount that finds targets for you. It’s $428 (down from $499.95), which is about as aggressive as Celestron ever discounts this model outside of Black Friday.

Celestron StarSense Explorer DX 130AZ $428 (was $499.95) amazon $499.95 $398.99 Celestron’s StarSense system makes it simple to find interesting objects in the sky.

Celestron

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The DX 130AZ steps up to a 130mm (5-inch) Newtonian reflector, nearly doubling the light-gathering area of a 70mm refractor and pulling in significantly more detail on the lunar surface. The StarSense tech is the real draw here. Drop your phone into the cradle, open the free StarSense Explorer app, and the telescope uses your phone’s camera to plate-solve the night sky in real time. Follow the on-screen arrows, push the scope until the bullseye turns green, and you’re looking at your target. You don’t have to worry about star charts, polar alignment, or other variables. It comes with 25mm and 10mm Plössl eyepieces, a red-dot finder, and a full-height tripod stable enough for the optics it’s carrying. For anyone who’s bounced off a first telescope because they couldn’t find anything in it, this is the model that fixes the problem.

More telescope and stargazing deals

If the DX 130AZ is more telescope than you need, Celestron’s broader Amazon storefront is running spring discounts across nearly the entire beginner and intermediate lineup. The smaller StarSense Explorer LT 114AZ runs the same smartphone-guided app in a lighter, cheaper package, the AstroMaster and PowerSeeker series cover the under-$200 entry tier, and the Travel Scope models are easy. The Nature DX binoculars are worth grabbing alongside any telescope for wide-field views of star clusters and the Milky Way that a telescope’s narrow field can’t match, and the NASA Lunar Telescope for Kids is a solid sub-$50 pick for anyone trying to turn an Artemis-obsessed kid into a lifelong stargazer.

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